Nokea
A number of passengers on a cruise ship have developed a gastrointestinal illness. Your case definition should include, at a minimum:
- A. Clinical criteria, plus specification of time, place, and person
- B. Clinical features, plus the exposure(s) you most suspect
- C. Suspect cases
- D. The nationally agreed standard case definition for disease reporting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A case definition must specify clinical criteria and the context of time, place, and person.
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Have similar events occurred in the United States?
- A. Yes, Three Mile Island (1979).
- B. No, such events are impossible.
- C. Yes, every decade since 1950.
- D. No, nuclear plants are entirely safe.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The partial meltdown at Three Mile Island in 1979 is a notable example of a nuclear accident in the U.S.
Once a case definition for an outbreak investigation has been established, it should not be changed.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Case definitions may need adjustment as new information becomes available during an investigation.
Are health-care providers important sources of surveillance data?
- A. True.
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Health-care providers are crucial sources of surveillance data, providing vital information needed for public health action.
Temperature is......scale
- A. Ordinal scale
- B. Interval scale
- C. Ratio scale
- D. Nominal scale
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Temperature is measured on an interval scale because it has equal intervals but no true zero point.
A method of comparing the benefit measured in terms of a social objective of a project with all cost of that project is known as
- A. cost benefit analysis
- B. cost effectiveness analysis
- C. cost utility analysis
- D. cost efficiency analysis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cost effectiveness analysis measures benefits in terms of achieving social objectives.