Questions About Chronic Wasting Disease

Questions About Chronic Wasting Disease Related

Review Questions About Chronic Wasting Disease related questions and content

A nurse has taught a client about dietary changes that can reduce the chances of developing cancer. What statement by the client indicates the nurse needs to provide additional teaching?

  • A. Foods high in vitamin A and vitamin C are important.
  • B. I'll have to cut down on the amount of bacon I eat.
  • C. I'm so glad I don't have to give up my juicy steaks.
  • D. Vegetables, fruit, and high-fiber grains are important.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Diet plays a significant role in cancer prevention, and nurses often educate clients on evidence-based dietary adjustments. Foods rich in vitamins A and C, such as carrots and citrus fruits, are known to have antioxidant properties that may reduce cancer risk by neutralizing free radicals. Reducing processed meats like bacon is advised due to their association with colorectal cancer, linked to nitrates and high fat content. Similarly, high vegetable, fruit, and fiber intake is recommended for their protective effects against various cancers, including colon cancer. However, excessive red meat consumption, such as steaks, is a known risk factor for cancers like colorectal and prostate cancer due to saturated fats and carcinogenic compounds formed during cooking. The client's statement about not giving up steaks suggests a misunderstanding, indicating the nurse must clarify that limiting red meat, not just processed meat, is part of a cancer-preventive diet. This additional teaching is essential to ensure the client adopts a comprehensive approach to reducing cancer risk.

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You are caring for a patient with esophageal cancer. Which task could be delegated to the nursing assistant?

  • A. Assist the patient with oral hygiene
  • B. Observe the patient's response to feedings
  • C. Facilitate expression of grief or anxiety
  • D. Initiate daily weights
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Delegating tasks in nursing hinges on scope of practice. Assisting with oral hygiene is a basic care activity nursing assistants are trained to perform, supporting hygiene needs in esophageal cancer patients who may struggle with swallowing. Observing responses to feedings requires clinical judgment to assess tolerance or complications, a nurse's responsibility. Facilitating emotional expression involves therapeutic communication skills beyond an assistant's training, critical for addressing cancer-related distress. Initiating daily weights implies deciding when to start, requiring understanding of fluid status assistants can weigh patients but not initiate the process independently. Oral hygiene delegation optimizes care efficiency, aligns with assistants' capabilities, and frees nurses for higher-level assessments, ensuring safe, effective management of this patient's complex needs.

In Home BP monitoring, which of the following readings show a normal night-time BP?

  • A. 120/70 mmHg
  • B. 135/85 mmHg
  • C. 130/80 mmHg
  • D. 125/75 mmHg
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Home night BP 120/70 fits normal, not 130+ creepers. Nurses clock this chronic sleep dip.

Mr Tan, a 50-year-old with hypertension, sees you for routine review. He reports three gout flares in the past two months relieved with three days of Arcoxia 120 mg OM for each episode. You perform some blood tests, which returns the following results: Creatinine 95 umol/L, eGFR >90 mL/min, Uric acid 460 mmol/L, HbA1c 5.4%, Random hypo-count 7.5 mmol/L. He is currently on Amlodipine 10 mg OM. He does not drink alcohol except one glass of wine once or twice a year on special occasions. His BMI is 20.5 kg/m². Which is the most appropriate next step?

  • A. Prescribe NSAIDs standby for gout flare
  • B. Offer dietary advice and advise regular exercise only
  • C. Prescribe prednisolone standby for gout flare
  • D. Discuss urate lowering therapy as he has had >2 gout flares in the past year, ideally with colchicine prophylaxis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Three gout flares in two months with uric acid 460 mmol/L (hyperuricemia) indicate frequent attacks warranting urate-lowering therapy (ULT) like allopurinol, per guidelines (e.g., ACR), especially with >2 flares yearly. Colchicine prophylaxis reduces flare risk during ULT initiation. NSAIDs or prednisolone treat acute flares but don't address recurrence. Diet/exercise alone won't suffice with this frequency and uric acid level. ULT discussion aligns with chronic gout management to prevent joint damage, critical for family physicians.

A 50-year-old patient, body weight 98 kg and height 1.82 m, has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes based on increased fasting blood glucose levels (8.2 and 7.9 mmol/L). This gave the patient such a shock that he started a strict calorie-restricted diet. Two weeks later, his fasting blood glucose is 6.8 mmol/L and he has lost 1 kg. Question: What is the most likely explanation for the sharp reduction of the blood glucose level and the limited reduction in weight of only ±1%?

  • A. The insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in muscle tissue has increased
  • B. The insulin-stimulated inhibition of hepatic glucose production has increased
  • C. The insulin-stimulated uptake of free fatty acids in muscle tissue has increased
  • D. The insulin-stimulated inhibition of glycerol production in the liver has increased
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Type 2's glucose drop calorie cut reins in liver's sugar spill, insulin works better there. Muscle uptake helps, fat shifts less, glycerol's minor liver's the quick fix, weight lags nurses see this, a chronic tweak.

A 35-year old teacher on allopurinol 200 mg OM for the past year reports three recent gout attacks. BMI 27 kg/m2, BP 144/94 mm Hg. You notice tophi over both hands and elbows. You will now:

  • A. Stop the allopurinol during this acute gout attack
  • B. Start hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg OM for BP control
  • C. Continue allopurinol despite the attack and aim to reduce uric acid <300 umol/L
  • D. Advise to rest and avoid exercise for 3 months as he is having acute pain
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tophi, flares allopurinol stays, push uric <300; thiazides worsen, rest flops, losartan's late. Nurses hold this chronic crystal line.

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