Nokea
A nurse in a hematology clinic is working with four clients who have polycythemia vera. Which client should the nurse see first?
- A. A client with a swollen and painful left great toe
- B. Client who reports dyspnea
- C. Client with a blood pressure of 180/98 mm Hg
- D. Client who reports calf tenderness and swelling
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polycythemia vera thickens blood, risking clots dyspnea signals possible pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening emergency needing instant assessment per ABCs. Toe pain suggests gout, common but less acute. Hypertension, a chronic issue here, waits behind respiratory distress. Calf tenderness hints at DVT, urgent but not immediately fatal like embolism. Nurses triage dyspnea first, ensuring airway and oxygenation, a critical call in this hyperviscous condition prone to thrombotic crises.
You may also like to solve these questions
What do you tell patients is the most important risk factor for lung cancer when you are teaching about lung cancer prevention?
- A. Cigarette smoking
- B. Exposure to environmental/occupational carcinogens
- C. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
- D. Pipe or cigar smoking
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cigarette smoking towers as lung cancer's top risk 80-90% of cases tie to its carcinogens like tar and nicotine, a dose-dependent killer dwarfing other factors. Environmental/occupational exposures like asbestos amplify risk, especially with smoking, but lack its prevalence. ETS hikes risk by 35%, significant yet secondary. Pipe or cigar smoking carries risk, less than cigarettes due to inhalation patterns. Teaching smoking as paramount drives home its preventable dominance, urging cessation as the gold-standard defense, a nurse's key message to slash lung cancer odds, backed by epidemiology and public health campaigns.
Fatty liver disease is more common in people with metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes. The pathogenesis of fatty liver disease is not yet completely known. Question: What does current research suggest with respect to the pathogenesis?
- A. Steatosis correlates with inflammation
- B. Inflammation correlates with fibrosis
- C. Steatosis correlates with liver damage
- D. Steatosis correlates with insulin resistance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fatty liver's tale steatosis ties to insulin resistance, a metabolic syndrome root, not just inflammation, fibrosis, or vague damage. Nurses see this, a chronic fat-glucose knot.
There are several different transmembranous glucose transporters (Gluts). Question: Which Gluts occur most frequently in the liver and which in the pancreas?
- A. Glut 1 in the liver and Glut 2 in the pancreas
- B. Glut 2 in the liver and Glut 2 in the pancreas
- C. Glut 2 in the liver and Glut 1 in the pancreas
- D. Glut 4 in the liver and Glut 2 in the pancreas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Liver slurps glucose with Glut 2, pancreas senses it the same both lean on this transporter's flow. Glut 1's elsewhere, Glut 4's muscle-fat turf nurses know this, a chronic glucose gate map.
Which of the following is a treatment option for a client with sickle cell disease?
- A. NPO diet
- B. Blood product administration
- C. Pain management with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) only
- D. Arthrocentesis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sickle cell's vaso-occlusion and anemia crave blood transfusions boost oxygen, unsickling cells, a go-to fix. NPO starves, NSAIDs alone weak for crisis pain, arthrocentesis irrelevant. Nurses bank on blood, easing hypoxia, a lifeline in this hemoglobin havoc, trumping lesser aids.
Characteristics of acute pain do not include:
- A. Recent onset
- B. Attributable to specific injury or disease
- C. Lasts from a few minutes to less than 6 months
- D. Unable to be relieved by analgesia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acute pain fresh, tied to harm, short-lived yields to pills, not stubborn. Nurses spot this, a chronic pain foil.