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A nurse in an acute care facility helps patients understand how to prevent diabetic neuropathies. This nurse is functioning in the role of:
- A. change agent.
- B. educator.
- C. manager.
- D. coordinator.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: educator. The nurse is providing information and teaching patients about preventing diabetic neuropathies, which aligns with the role of an educator. Educators focus on imparting knowledge and empowering individuals to make informed decisions about their health. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Change agents initiate and lead changes within an organization, not directly related to patient education.
C: Managers oversee daily operations and resources within a healthcare setting, not specifically focused on patient education.
D: Coordinators facilitate communication and collaboration among healthcare team members, but not primarily responsible for patient education.
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Which item below correctly describes the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predictions by 2020?
- A. Positions that historically required registered nurses will be filled by unlicensed personnel.
- B. The job growth rate for RNs will surpass job growth in all other occupations.
- C. The need for hospital nurses will dramatically decrease.
- D. Hospitals will finally achieve the required RN workforce.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics predicts that the job growth rate for RNs will surpass job growth in all other occupations by 2020. This is supported by the increasing demand for healthcare services due to an aging population and advancements in medical technology. Choice A is incorrect as the need for registered nurses is expected to continue due to the complexity of patient care. Choice C is incorrect as the need for hospital nurses is projected to increase, not decrease. Choice D is incorrect as many hospitals still struggle to achieve the required RN workforce due to various factors like turnover and retention issues.
A nurse practicing in the early 1900s was awarded a permissive license. These licenses:
- A. were voluntary; however, a nurse who failed the examination could not use the title RN.
- B. required a maximum of 1 year of formalized nurse training.
- C. allowed nurses who did not pass the licensure examination to still practice.
- D. allowed nurses the choice of taking a written or oral licensure examination.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because permissive licenses in the early 1900s were voluntary but required passing an examination to use the title RN. This ensured a basic level of competency. Choice B is incorrect as there was no specific requirement for the duration of formalized nurse training. Choice C is incorrect as failing the examination would disqualify nurses from practice. Choice D is incorrect as there was typically only one type of licensure examination, not a choice between written or oral.
The nurse is preparing a plan of care for an black patient who has had a change of bowel habits from being constipated and having only two firm stools weekly to having three or more loose stools daily. Which comment is related to cultural variation for health information?
- A. The individual states, "I will need to discuss health care options with my grandmother."
- B. The eldest male member of the family will make all health care decisions.
- C. The patient has high respect for the nurse and nods approvingly, although she has no intention of complying with instructions or plan of care.
- D. The individual speaks very quietly and gently reaches to hold the nurse's hand for support.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects the patient's cultural variation in seeking health information from family members, specifically the grandmother. This shows respect for family opinions and involvement in decision-making.
Option B is incorrect as it generalizes that the eldest male makes all health decisions, which may not be true for every cultural group. Option C is incorrect as nodding approvingly and not complying with instructions does not necessarily indicate cultural variations. Option D is incorrect as speaking quietly and reaching for the nurse's hand may simply indicate a patient's communication style rather than cultural variation in seeking health information.
When working with the family of a patient receiving palliative care, what is the nurse's initial intervention?
- A. Determining who will be the patient's durable power of attorney
- B. Identifying what types of help the family will need to care for the patient
- C. Completely an assessment of the family's strengths and weaknesses
- D. Discuss the dynamics of the family with the patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial intervention for the nurse when working with the family of a patient receiving palliative care is to identify what types of help the family will need to care for the patient (Choice B). This is because understanding the family's needs and resources is essential for providing effective support. By identifying the specific types of assistance required, the nurse can tailor the care plan to meet the family's needs, enhancing the quality of care provided to the patient.
Determining the patient's durable power of attorney (Choice A) is important but usually comes later in the process after understanding the family's needs. Completing an assessment of the family's strengths and weaknesses (Choice C) is valuable but not the initial step. Discussing the dynamics of the family with the patient (Choice D) may be relevant but is not the priority when initiating support for the family.
To determine basic competency, the interview for a nursing position may include a test in:
- A. pathophysiology.
- B. correctly writing nursing diagnoses.
- C. pharmacology.
- D. computer skills.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: pathophysiology. This is because understanding pathophysiology is fundamental for a nurse to comprehend how diseases affect the body. It helps nurses provide appropriate care and make critical decisions. Incorrect choices: B focuses on documentation, C on medication knowledge, and D on technical skills, which are important but not as essential as understanding the physiological mechanisms of diseases.