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A nurse is administering a continuous enteral feeding to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Check gastric residuals every 4 hours
- B. Implementing health promotion activities such as education programs
- C. Obtaining and interpreting information regarding risks and benefits to the community
- D. Monitoring the sexual activity of adolescents
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check gastric residuals every 4 hours. This is essential when administering enteral feeding to prevent complications such as aspiration or feeding intolerance. By monitoring residuals, the nurse can assess the client's tolerance to the feeding regimen and adjust accordingly. Option B is incorrect as it is unrelated to enteral feeding. Option C is also incorrect as it pertains to community health, not individual client care. Option D is irrelevant and invasive to the client's privacy. Monitoring sexual activity of adolescents is outside the scope of enteral feeding administration.
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Public health nursing is distinguished from other specialties by adherence to eightprinciples. Which is one of the eight domains of public health nursing practice?
- A. Policy development and individual planning skills
- B. Individual dimensions of practice skills
- C. Financial planning and management skills
- D. Leadership and individual critical thinking skills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Policy development and individual planning skills. This domain is crucial in public health nursing as it involves advocating for policies that promote health and prevent disease within communities. Public health nurses need to understand how policies are developed and implemented to address population health issues effectively. Choices B, C, and D focus on individual aspects of practice and do not capture the population-based perspective of public health nursing. Therefore, they are incorrect.
The nurse has been reading extensively on a particular clinical problem, using both the closest medical library and the Internet. Which of the following would be the most helpful source?
- A. A journal with a whole issue devoted to research on that clinical problem
- B. A randomized controlled clinical trial related to that clinical problem
- C. A researcher who has built a career on studying that clinical problem
- D. A systematic review related to the clinical problem
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A systematic review related to the clinical problem. This is because a systematic review provides a comprehensive summary of all available evidence on a specific topic, including individual studies such as randomized controlled trials. It helps to synthesize and critically appraise the existing research, offering a high level of evidence to guide clinical practice. Choice A may provide in-depth research but may not cover all relevant studies. Choice B is a single study and may not offer a broad perspective. Choice C focuses on a single researcher and may not encompass the full spectrum of evidence.
Which type of study will the nurse use to understand the experiences of an immigrant group in the community?
- A. Qualitative
- B. Randomized control
- C. Needs assessment
- D. Quality improvement
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse would use a qualitative study to understand the experiences of an immigrant group because qualitative research focuses on exploring and understanding individuals' experiences, perspectives, and behaviors in-depth. This type of study allows for gathering rich, detailed data through methods like interviews, observations, and focus groups, which are well-suited for capturing the complexities and nuances of immigrant experiences. A randomized control study (B) involves intervention and control groups for causality, not suitable for exploring experiences. Needs assessment (C) focuses on identifying needs and gaps in services. Quality improvement (D) aims to enhance processes and outcomes within a specific setting.
A nurse in a surgical clinic is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a modified radical mastectomy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will complete my arm exercises four times a day
- B. Using data from the main health care institutions in the community to determine needed health services
- C. Ensure timely and effective medical intervention and treatment for community members
- D. Giving some of their own surplus clothes to those who can use them
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will complete my arm exercises four times a day." This indicates an understanding of the teaching because after a modified radical mastectomy, it's important to perform arm exercises to prevent lymphedema and improve range of motion. Completing exercises four times a day shows commitment to the prescribed regimen.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not pertain to the client's post-operative care after a modified radical mastectomy. B focuses on data collection for health services, C relates to community medical interventions, and D is about charitable donations, none of which are relevant to the client's self-care instructions.
Which strategy should the nurse include in a community education program about improving environmental health?
- A. Composting organic matter
- B. Disposing of electronics with household trash
- C. Using rainwater harvesting for drinking water
- D. Keeping windows tightly shut
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Using rainwater harvesting for drinking water. This strategy promotes environmental health by reducing water wastage, conserving resources, and minimizing pollution. Rainwater harvesting is a sustainable method that helps in water conservation and reduces the strain on existing water sources. Composting organic matter (A) is beneficial but does not directly relate to improving environmental health in the same way as water conservation. Disposing of electronics with household trash (B) is harmful to the environment due to toxic materials in electronics. Keeping windows tightly shut (D) is not a strategy for improving environmental health and may actually decrease indoor air quality.