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A nurse is admitting a Mexican-American child, and the mother comments that the child was exposed to mal ojo. The nurse should expect to find which symptom associated with this exposure?
- A. Fever
- B. Nervous tension
- C. Bruising
- D. Somnolence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nervous tension. Mal ojo, commonly known as the evil eye, is a belief in many Latin American cultures that certain people have the power to cause harm with their gaze. Symptoms associated with mal ojo typically include nervous tension, irritability, and restlessness. Fever (choice A) is not a common symptom of mal ojo. Bruising (choice C) is also not typically associated with mal ojo. Somnolence (choice D) refers to excessive sleepiness, which is not a common symptom of mal ojo. Therefore, the correct answer is B as it aligns with the cultural belief and expected symptoms of mal ojo.
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A nurse is brought in who testifies that a professional with the knowledge and skill of an RN should understand that, before administering this drug, potassium level and pulse level is always checked to prevent such an occurrence. The nurse's testimony as to what constitutes reasonable care is based on:
- A. the legal definition of standard of care.
- B. the legal definition of the informed consent process.
- C. the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.
- D. governmental immunity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the legal definition of standard of care. In healthcare, the standard of care refers to the level of care that a reasonably prudent healthcare professional would provide in similar circumstances. Checking potassium level and pulse before administering a drug is considered standard practice to prevent adverse reactions. The nurse's testimony is based on this standard of care requirement to ensure patient safety and avoid potential harm. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the concept of standard of care in healthcare practice. B pertains to patient consent, C to the doctrine of "the thing speaks for itself," and D to immunity from liability for certain actions.
A novice nurse is assigned a patient who has an order to draw blood for culture and sensitivity from a central line before antibiotic therapy is started. The novice reads and rereads the procedure manual. An hour later he stands at the bedside of the patient and stares at the central line, without knowing how to proceed. This phase of reality shock is termed:
- A. honeymoon.
- B. shock or rejection.
- C. recovery.
- D. resolution.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: shock or rejection. This phase of reality shock is characterized by feelings of being overwhelmed, confused, and unsure of how to proceed despite having knowledge. The novice nurse is experiencing a sense of rejection towards the situation due to the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical application. This phase is common among new healthcare professionals as they transition from academic learning to real-world clinical practice.
A: Honeymoon phase refers to the initial period of excitement and enthusiasm in a new role.
C: Recovery phase is when the individual starts to adapt and become more comfortable with the new role.
D: Resolution phase is the final stage where the individual fully integrates into the role and becomes confident and competent.
In this scenario, the novice nurse is clearly struggling and feeling overwhelmed, indicating that they are in the shock or rejection phase, making choice B the correct answer.
In the triad of health care, which would be considered the third-party payer?
- A. Client
- B. Health care provider
- C. Insurance company
- D. Government agency that sets reimbursement rules for services
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Insurance company. In the triad of health care, the third-party payer refers to an entity outside of the patient and health care provider that pays for the health care services. Insurance companies typically serve as third-party payers by covering a portion or all of the costs associated with medical treatments. The other choices (A, B, D) are not considered third-party payers in this context. Choice A refers to the client/patient receiving the health care services, choice B refers to the health care provider delivering the services, and choice D refers to a government agency that sets reimbursement rules but does not directly pay for the services rendered.
The primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935 was to:
- A. increase research that focused on minority groups.
- B. provide medical care for chemically impaired persons.
- C. ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system.
- D. decrease the public's financial burden by limiting services offered by local health departments.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: ensure health care for older adults through a national insurance system. The Social Security Act of 1935 established social insurance programs to provide financial support for retired and elderly individuals. This was done through the implementation of Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance. The Act aimed to address the economic insecurity faced by older adults and their families by providing a safety net through a national insurance system.
Incorrect answers:
A: Increasing research on minority groups was not the primary purpose of the Social Security Act of 1935.
B: Providing medical care for chemically impaired persons was not the primary focus of the Act.
D: Decreasing the public's financial burden by limiting services offered by local health departments was not the primary goal of the Act.
A person interested in employment in the health care sector has less than 1 year to pursue his or her education and wants to focus on functional aspects of patient care. He/she desires to work in a long-term facility. Which type of nursing program should this person request information about?
- A. Bachelor's degree in nursing (BSN)
- B. Licensed practical nurse (LPN)
- C. Associate degree in nursing
- D. Master's degree in nursing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. An associate degree in nursing (ADN) is a 2-year program, making it suitable for someone with less than 1 year to pursue education.
2. ADN programs focus on the functional aspects of patient care, aligning with the person's interest.
3. Working in a long-term care facility typically does not require a BSN or MSN.
4. LPN programs are shorter but have a different scope of practice than what the person desires.