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A nurse is assessing a child. The nurse should identify which of the following findings puts the child at risk for the development of conduct disorder?
- A. The child was not promoted to the next grade.
- B. The child moved to three new homes over a two-year period.
- C. The child's best friend was absent from the child's birthday party.
- D. The child has been raised by a parent who has recurrent major depressive disorder.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, as a child raised by a parent with major depressive disorder is at risk for conduct disorder due to the potential lack of emotional support, inconsistent parenting, and exposure to negative behaviors. This can lead to the child developing conduct issues. Choices A, B, and C do not directly correlate with the development of conduct disorder as they do not involve a significant risk factor like living with a parent with major depressive disorder.
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A nurse is teaching the parent of an adolescent who was recently diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The parent asks,Is there a medication that can help my child? Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
- A. Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use.
- B. There are many medications that will help your child manage aggression and destructiveness. The health care provider will discuss them with you.
- C. Medication is not used to treat this oppositional defiant disorder because it is behavioral in nature.
- D. It's a common misconception that there is a medication available to treat every health problem.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use. ODD is primarily a behavioral disorder, not a chemical imbalance, so medication is not typically the first-line treatment. Behavioral strategies such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, parent training, and family therapy are more effective in managing ODD symptoms. Other choices are incorrect because they either suggest medication as the primary treatment without acknowledging the behavioral aspect of ODD (B), state inaccuracies about medication use for ODD (C), or divert the conversation away from addressing the parent's concerns (D).
A nurse in an acute care mental health facility is assessing a client who has bipolar disorder. The nurse recognizes that which of the following findings indicates the client is at risk for suicide?
- A. The client has demonstrated increased impulsive behaviors in the past few weeks.
- B. The client states she wants to go home to be with her children and partner.
- C. The client identifies with problems expressed by other clients.
- D. The client has begun playing basketball with several other clients during the past month.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Increased impulsive behaviors in bipolar disorder may indicate heightened risk for suicide due to poor impulse control.
2. Impulsivity is a known risk factor for suicidal behavior in individuals with bipolar disorder.
3. Impulsive actions can lead to reckless behaviors that may result in self-harm or suicide.
4. Monitoring and addressing impulsivity is crucial in assessing suicide risk in clients with bipolar disorder.
Incorrect Choices:
B. Wanting to be with family is a protective factor, reducing suicide risk.
C. Identifying with others' problems may indicate empathy but does not directly suggest suicide risk.
D. Engaging in group activities like basketball is a positive coping strategy and does not inherently indicate suicide risk.
A nurse is educating a 28-year-old female client about the impacts of hypothyroidism on overall health. Which of the following statements would the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. If you become pregnant, low thyroid hormone levels can affect your developing fetus.
- B. Hypothyroidism can cause autoimmune disorders over time.
- C. Low thyroid hormone levels will cause your metabolism to speed up and heart rate to increase.
- D. Low blood pressure is usually associated with hypothyroidism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A because hypothyroidism, characterized by low thyroid hormone levels, can lead to complications during pregnancy, affecting fetal development. This is due to the essential role of thyroid hormones in fetal brain and nervous system development.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: Hypothyroidism is linked to autoimmune disorders, not a consequence of it.
C: Hypothyroidism actually slows down metabolism and heart rate due to decreased thyroid hormone levels.
D: Low blood pressure is more commonly associated with hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid is overactive.
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who recently loaded a virus onto their teacher's computer after receiving a poor grade on a science project. The child's guardian tells the nurse their child often bullies the other kids at school. Which of the following diagnoses should the nurse expect?
- A. Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)
- B. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- C. Intermittent explosive disorder (IED)
- D. Conduct disorder (CD)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - Conduct disorder (CD)
Rationale:
1. Conduct disorder involves a pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others or societal norms.
2. The child's actions of loading a virus onto the teacher's computer and bullying classmates indicate a disregard for rules and the well-being of others.
3. Conduct disorder commonly presents with aggression, deceitfulness, and violation of rules.
4. These behaviors are more severe than those seen in Oppositional Defiant Disorder (A) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (B).
5. Intermittent Explosive Disorder (C) typically involves impulsive aggression, not premeditated actions like intentionally loading a virus.
6. Conduct disorder is the most appropriate diagnosis considering the child's behavior towards others.
Summary:
- A: Oppositional Defiant Disorder - less severe, lacks the pattern of aggression seen in the child's behavior.
- B: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - does not fully capture the intentional harmful behavior
A nurse is interviewing a school-age child who has intermittent explosive disorder (IED). Which of the following behaviors should the nurse expect the client to exhibit?
- A. Lack of remorse for behavior
- B. Mild outbursts with provocation
- C. Blaming others for their behavior
- D. Difficulty coping with stressors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lack of remorse for behavior. In intermittent explosive disorder (IED), individuals exhibit sudden and intense episodes of aggression or violence. They may act impulsively without considering consequences or feeling remorse afterward. This lack of remorse is a key characteristic of IED, distinguishing it from other behavioral disorders like conduct disorder where remorse might be present. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because mild outbursts with provocation, blaming others for behavior, and difficulty coping with stressors are not specific to IED but can be seen in various other behavioral disorders or stress-related conditions.