Nokea
A nurse is assessing a pregnant client and learns that the client is addicted to cocaine. The nurse informs the client about the risks of cocaine addiction for her fetus. Which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. The child may be born with diabetes.
- B. The child may be born with hypertension.
- C. The child may be born with an addiction to drugs.
- D. The child may be born with CNS defects.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse informs the client that children born to mothers using addictive drugs are often born with an addiction to the drug. Children born to mothers who are addicted to cocaine are not known to be born with diabetes, CNS defects, or hypertension.
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Data in the electronic health record that the provider reviews prior to a patient encounter varies with the clinic setting. In an urgent care clinic, the provider should review:
- A. The patient's current diagnosis and history
- B. Drugs the patient is currently taking
- C. Any recent previous encounter for the same problem as this visit and what was done
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In urgent care, reviewing diagnosis, medications, and prior encounters ensures comprehensive care.
Sadie was prescribed betaxolol ophthalmic drops by her ophthalmologist to treat her glaucoma. Oral beta blockers should be avoided in patients who use ophthalmic beta blockers because:
- A. There may be an antagonistic reaction between the two
- B. The additive effects may include bradycardia
- C. They may potentiate each other and cause respiratory depression
- D. The additive effects may cause metabolic acidosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ophthalmic betaxolol can add to oral beta blockers, risking bradycardia; respiratory or acidosis are less likely.
The pharmacology students are learning about antibiotics that are known to cause photosensitivity in some patients. What nursing measures would ensure the comfort of patients taking these antibiotics and hopefully avoid serious adverse effects?
- A. Avoiding the use of aspirin and other over-the-counter pain products
- B. Getting a wig or other head cover to avoid heat loss
- C. Avoiding exposure to sunlight or use of a sunscreen and protective clothing if exposure is inevitable
- D. Providing frequent rest periods in a dark room
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Photosensitivity from antibiotics increases sunburn risk; avoiding sunlight or using protection prevents serious skin reactions.
The following class of drugs may be used to treat Parkinsonian syndrome arising from the use of phenothiazines:
- A. Nicotinic receptor antagonists
- B. Muscarinic receptor antagonists
- C. Adrenoceptor antagonists
- D. Anticholinesterases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antimuscarinics (e.g., benztropine) relieve parkinsonism from phenothiazines.
Which online drug reference makes available to healthcare providers and the public a standard, comprehensive, up-to-date look up and downloadable resource about medicines?
- A. American Drug Index
- B. American Hospital Formulary
- C. DailyMed
- D. Drug Reference
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DailyMed makes available to healthcare providers and the public a standard, comprehensive, up-to-date look up and downloadable resource about medicines. The American Drug Index, American Hospital Formulary, and Drug Reference are not designed for public use in this manner.