NCLEX Questions on Drug Classifications

NCLEX Questions on Drug Classifications Related

Review NCLEX Questions on Drug Classifications related questions and content

A nurse is caring for a client after thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed for the client. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed to:

  • A. Treat thyroid storm.
  • B. Prevent cardiac irritability.
  • C. Treat hypocalcemic tetany.
  • D. Stimulate the release of parathyroid hormone.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hypocalcemia can develop after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are accidentally removed or injured during surgery. Manifestations develop 1 to 7 days after surgery. If the client develops numbness and tingling around the mouth, fingertips, or toes or muscle spasms or twitching, the health care provider is notified immediately. Calcium gluconate should be kept at the bedside.

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Which of the following is not hypoglicemic mechanism of action of metformin?

  • A. Enhance insulin release by pancreatic beta cells
  • B. Increase cell permeability of glucose and utilisation
  • C. Decrease gluconeogenesis
  • D. Interfere carbohydrate absorption in the gut
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Metformin does not enhance insulin release; it improves insulin sensitivity and reduces hepatic glucose production.

A patient is prescribed lidocaine for ventricular arrhythmias. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?

  • A. Hypotension
  • B. Nausea
  • C. Seizures
  • D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Lidocaine, a Class IB antiarrhythmic, can cause CNS side effects like seizures at high doses, a key monitoring point.

Which of the following drugs interacts with nitroglycerine by inhibiting the metabolism of cGMP?

  • A. Amyl nitrite
  • B. Sildenafil
  • C. Isosorbide mononitrate
  • D. Nifedipine
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sildenafil, a PDE5 inhibitor, increases cGMP, enhancing nitroglycerin's hypotensive effect.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are useful in a variety of disorders. Which of the following statements are true about both its usefulness in the disorder and the reason for its use?

  • A. Stable angina because it decreases the thickening of vascular walls due to decreased modified release.
  • B. Heart failure because it reduces remodeling of injured myocardial tissues.
  • C. Both 1 and 2 are true and the reasons are correct.
  • D. Both 1 and 2 are true but the reasons are wrong.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce myocardial remodeling in heart failure; they are not used for stable angina.

Which of the following NSAIDs is a selective COX-2 inhibitor?

  • A. Indomethacin
  • B. Meloxicam
  • C. Etoricoxib
  • D. Mefenamic acid
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Etoricoxib is a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor, reducing GI side effects compared to non-selective NSAIDs.

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