Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and is receiving Mannitol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL
- B. Urine output 40 mL/hr
- C. Dyspnea
- D. Bilateral equal pupil size
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dyspnea may indicate pulmonary edema, a potential complication of mannitol therapy.
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A physician has ordered intramuscular injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain for a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware that there is a high abuse potential for this drug, therefore, morphine is categorized as a:
- A. Schedule I drug
- B. Schedule II drug
- C. Schedule III drug
- D. Schedule IV drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Narcotics such as morphine are considered schedule II drugs because of the high abuse potential with severe dependence liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potential than schedule II drugs and an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs have low abuse potential and limited dependence liability.
Diane may benefit from cyclosporine (Sandimmune). Cyclosporin may be prescribed to:
- A. Treat rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Treat patients with corn allergy
- C. Pregnant patients
- D. Treat patients with liver dysfunction
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cyclosporine treats rheumatoid arthritis; corn allergy , pregnancy , or liver issues are not indications.
Medication orders are written with very specific criteria and coincide with the 7 rights of medication administration. What critical piece of information is missing from the following medication order? Amoxicillin 250 mg every 8 hours.
- A. Dose
- B. Route
- C. Frequency of administration
- D. Trade name of the drug
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The route (e.g., oral, IV) is missing, essential for safe administration per the 7 rights.
Jack, age 8, has attention deficit disorder (ADD) and is prescribed methylphenidate (Ritalin). He and his parents should be educated about the side effects of methylphenidate, which are:
- A. Slurred speech and insomnia
- B. Bradycardia and confusion
- C. Dizziness and orthostatic hypotension
- D. Insomnia and decreased appetite
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insomnia and appetite suppression are common methylphenidate side effects.
Pharmacokinetics is:
- A. The study of biological and therapeutic effects of drugs
- B. The study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs
- C. The study of mechanism of drugs
- D. The study of methods of new drug development
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacokinetics focuses on how the body handles a drug, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), distinguishing it from pharmacodynamics, which studies drug effects.