Nokea
A nurse is caring for a client who was received in the emergency department with a heart rate of 220 beats per minute. The client's cardiac monitor displays supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Which of the following interventions should the nurse anticipate?
- A. Apply compression stockings
- B. Perform Valsalva maneuver
- C. Draw labs
- D. Check blood glucose
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SVT's 220 bpm blitz needs breaking Valsalva maneuver, bearing down, jolts the vagus nerve, slowing rate, a first-line trick. Stockings aid veins, not rhythm. Labs or glucose inform, don't fix. Nurses anticipate this, calming tachycardia, a quick, non-invasive hit in this racing heart emergency.
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The glycaemic profiles of people living with diabetes is affected by the following EXCEPT:
- A. Monitoring of blood glucose
- B. Dietary intake
- C. Exercise
- D. Stress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetes' sugar swings dance to diet, exercise, stress, and meds intake, burn, cortisol, and pills all tug levels. Monitoring tracks, not tweaks, the profile; it's a mirror, not a mover. Clinicians lean on this quintet's interplay, adjusting levers, not the gauge, a chronic puzzle where tools shape, not tally, the game.
Which of the following has been shown to be useful in managing fatty liver?
- A. Insulin injection
- B. Metformin
- C. Vitamin E
- D. Exercises
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin E, an antioxidant, reduces hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), per AASLD guidelines, aiding NAFLD management. Insulin treats diabetes, not NAFLD directly. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity but lacks strong evidence for NAFLD reversal. Exercise and diet are key but split here; exercise aids weight loss, indirectly helping. Vitamin E's specific benefit makes it notable in chronic liver disease care.
A female client is being treated for a deep-vein thrombus she developed post-operatively about one week ago and was treated with unfractionated heparin. Today she presents to the clinic with petechiae on bilateral hands and feet. Laboratory results show a platelet count of 42,000/mm³. The nurse is concerned about a drug reaction and anticipates the client has which of the following?
- A. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- B. Hemophilia A (classic hemophilia)
- C. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
- D. Sickle cell crisis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Heparin can backfire petechiae and a platelet plunge to 42,000/mm³ post-DVT treatment scream HIT, an immune reaction trashing platelets, risking clots. Hemophilia's genetic, not drug-tied. TTP adds fever, neuro signs absent here. Sickle crisis pains, not bleeds like this. Nurses suspect HIT, anticipating heparin cessation and alternatives, a twist in this anticoagulation tale.
Effective management of CHF has elements that are common to most programs. These do not include:
- A. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team across the health care sectors
- B. The use of evidence based management guidelines, including both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy
- C. Regular hospitalisation for monitoring of cardiac function and change in haemodynamic status
- D. Inclusion of patients and their family in care planning and development of individualised selfmanagement plans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CHF management leans on teams, guidelines, patient-family plans smart, evidence-based wins. Routine hospital stays? Nope home care's goal, not ward loops. Nurses push this, a chronic stay-out strategy.
Which of the following investigations cannot be performed easily at General Physician clinic for assessment of NAFLD patients?
- A. BMI
- B. Waist-Hip ratio
- C. MR Elastography
- D. Fasting lipid
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NAFLD BMI, waist, lipids, glucose snap in clinic; MR elastography's fancy scan turf. Nurses stick to this chronic basics kit.