Nokea
A nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing end-of-life symptoms. What action by the nurse demonstrates palliative care principles?
- A. Focusing solely on physical comfort and pain management
- B. Encouraging the patient to make decisions about life-sustaining treatments
- C. Providing emotional support and addressing psychosocial needs
- D. Withholding information about the patient's prognosis to avoid distress
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Providing emotional support and addressing psychosocial needs demonstrates palliative care principles when caring for a patient experiencing end-of-life symptoms. Palliative care focuses on holistic care that encompasses physical, emotional, and spiritual support for patients and their families during times of serious illness. By addressing emotional needs and providing support, the nurse helps improve the patient's quality of life and comfort during this difficult time. This approach goes beyond just managing physical symptoms and pain, recognizing the importance of supporting the patient's overall well-being. Encouraging the patient to make decisions about life-sustaining treatments is also an important aspect of palliative care, but providing emotional support and addressing psychosocial needs is crucial in palliative care practice.
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Which of the following medications is commonly used for the management of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms such as urinary urgency and frequency?
- A. Furosemide
- B. Oxybutynin
- C. Spironolactone
- D. Finasteride
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oxybutynin is a medication commonly used for the management of overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms such as urinary urgency and frequency. It belongs to a class of medications known as anticholinergics, which work by relaxing the bladder muscles and reducing bladder spasms. By doing so, it helps to decrease the symptoms of OAB, including frequent urination, sudden urges to urinate, and leakage. Oxybutynin can be taken orally in tablet form, as a transdermal patch, or as a gel, providing various options for patients based on their preferences and needs. Overall, oxybutynin is an effective treatment option for individuals experiencing overactive bladder symptoms.
What must be stressed to all participants attending a health fair?
- A. A screening program is not a substitute for ongoing health supervision from a health care provider.
- B. All test results are only tentative, and so participants who receive negative test results may nonetheless be suffering from a disease.
- C. Results are true today, but disease can develop any time, so participants should attend any future health fairs as well.
- D. There are many other diseases that may be attacking participants that the health fair did not screen for, and so continued vigilance is necessary.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stressing to all participants attending a health fair that a screening program is not a substitute for ongoing health supervision from a healthcare provider is crucial for several reasons. Health fairs are intended to provide a snapshot of an individual's health at a specific point in time and are not comprehensive assessments. Participants need to understand that these screenings are not a replacement for regular check-ups with their healthcare provider, who can provide continued monitoring, follow-up care, and more in-depth evaluations if necessary. It's important for participants to recognize that the results from a health fair screening are just one piece of their overall health picture and that ongoing care from a healthcare provider is essential for maintaining their well-being.
In admitting the injured patients, which of the following should be the FIRST that should be done by the emergency team? They should assess the patients ________.
- A. Breathing
- B. Circulation
- C. Airway
- D. Vital signs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing the patient's airway is the first priority when admitting injured patients. A clear airway is crucial for effective breathing. If the airway is obstructed, the patient will not be able to breathe properly, leading to serious consequences. Therefore, ensuring a patent airway takes precedence over assessing breathing, circulation, or vital signs. Once the airway is secured, the emergency team can proceed with assessing breathing, circulation, and vital signs in order to provide appropriate treatment and care.
A woman in active labor presents with prolonged second stage, characterized by ineffective pushing efforts and slow fetal descent. What maternal condition should the nurse assess for that may contribute to this abnormal labor pattern?
- A. Pelvic floor dysfunction
- B. Maternal fatigue
- C. Fetal macrosomia
- D. Uterine hyperstimulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pelvic floor dysfunction can contribute to a prolonged second stage of labor by impairing the ability of the woman to effectively push during contractions. This can result in inefficient pushing efforts and slow fetal descent. The nurse should assess for signs and symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction, such as difficulty controlling bowel movements or urine leakage, as addressing this issue may help improve the progress of labor. Maternal fatigue, fetal macrosomia (larger than average baby size), and uterine hyperstimulation are other factors that can impact labor but are less likely to specifically contribute to ineffective pushing efforts and slow fetal descent in the second stage of labor.
In emergency situation when a patient is unable to give consent for life saving treatment, what type of consent allows to assume APPROPRIATE medical treatment ?
- A. Implied consent
- B. Express consent
- C. Informed consent
- D. Involuntary consent
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Implied consent is the type of consent that allows healthcare providers to assume appropriate medical treatment in emergency situations where a patient is unable to give consent. In these cases, it can be assumed that a reasonable person would consent to life-saving treatment if they were able to do so. Implied consent is based on the principle of necessity and prioritizes the patient's well-being when time is of the essence. It is crucial in emergency situations to act quickly to provide the necessary medical care to save a patient's life, even if they are unable to provide express consent at that moment.