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A nurse is caring for a person who has a diagnosis of “Sleep disturbance related to stress as evidenced by excessive daytime fatigue.” Which of the following nursing interventions would most likely assist this person?
- A. Encourage daytime naps.
- B. Encourage exercise one hour before bedtime.
- C. Encourage a cool shower before bedtime.
- D. Encourage a consistent sleep-wake schedule.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Following a consistent sleep-wake cycle seven days a week will help establish a sleep pattern.
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A new young mother asks the nurse what she should do to play with her 3-month-old infant. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse provide?
- A. Take the infant for a walk outside.
- B. Place several toys around the infant when lying on the floor.
- C. Rock the infant in a rocking chair.
- D. Search the Internet for toys highly recommended for infants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rocking provides important sensory stimulation and physical bonding, essential for a 3-month-old's development.
Which scenario indicates a potentially dysfunctional pattern?
- A. Adult with frequent urination
- B. Woman who lost her job
- C. Elderly person with blurred vision
- D. Overweight adult with a sweet tooth
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stress of losing a job could lead to ineffective coping, representing a potentially dysfunctional pattern that needs intervention.
A pregnant woman reports to the nurse that the first day of her last menstrual period was January 22. Using Nägele’s rule, which of the following dates would be the most accurate estimated date of delivery?
- A. September 16
- B. September 22
- C. October 29
- D. October 17
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adding 7 days to January 22 (January 29) and subtracting 3 months gives the estimated delivery date of October 29.
Which represents a disadvantage of screening?
- A. Utilization of group screening methods
- B. Utilization of multiple test screening
- C. Utilization of a test with high specificity
- D. Utilization of a test with low sensitivity
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Tests with low sensitivity produce false negatives, potentially leading to missed diagnoses and delays in treatment.
Which of the following statements about the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) is correct?
- A. The DRI is used to monitor deficiencies in nutritional intakes of obese populations.
- B. The DRI is used to establish minimal amounts of nutrients needed to protect against nutrient deficiency.
- C. The DRI is used to plan and assess diets of healthy people.
- D. The DRI is used to set minimal guidelines to reduce risk of adverse outcomes from inadequate consumption of nutrients.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DRIs are used for planning and assessing diets of healthy individuals, guiding nutritional intake.