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A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 24 weeks gestation and has been diagnosed with anemia. What should the nurse teach the patient about managing this condition?
- A. Increase iron-rich foods and take iron supplements as prescribed.
- B. Rest frequently and avoid physical activity to prevent exhaustion.
- C. Limit intake of dairy products to prevent iron deficiency.
- D. Incorporate more vitamin D-rich foods into the diet to help the body absorb iron.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because increasing iron-rich foods and taking iron supplements as prescribed is the standard treatment for managing anemia during pregnancy. Iron is essential for red blood cell production, which is crucial for both the mother and the developing fetus. Resting frequently (choice B) may help with fatigue but does not address the root cause of anemia. Limiting dairy intake (choice C) is not necessary and may lead to other nutritional deficiencies. Incorporating vitamin D-rich foods (choice D) can be beneficial for overall health but does not specifically address the management of anemia.
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For which patient would an L/S ratio of 2:1 potentially be considered abnormal?
- A. A 38-year-old gravida 2, para 1, who is 38 weeks’ gestation
- B. A 24-year-old gravida 1, para 0, who has diabetes
- C. A 44-year-old gravida 6, para 5, who is at term
- D. An 18-year-old gravida 1, para 0, who is in early labor at term
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In diabetic pregnancies, an L/S ratio of 2:1 may not reliably indicate lung maturity due to delayed surfactant production.
The nurse is assessing the laboratory report of a 40-week gestation client. Which of the following values would the nurse expect to find elevated above prepregnancy levels? Select all that apply.
- A. Glucose.
- B. Fibrinogen.
- C. Hematocrit.
- D. Bilirubin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fibrinogen levels increase to prevent excessive blood loss during delivery, and white blood cell count rises to protect against infection. Glucose, hematocrit, and bilirubin levels should remain within normal limits.
A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 30 weeks gestation and is diagnosed with mild preeclampsia. Which of the following should be included in the plan of care?
- A. Administer magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures.
- B. Monitor blood pressure and assess for protein in the urine.
- C. Encourage rest and restricted activity to lower blood pressure.
- D. Perform daily blood glucose monitoring for gestational diabetes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor blood pressure and assess for protein in the urine. This is crucial in the care of a pregnant patient with mild preeclampsia at 30 weeks gestation. Monitoring blood pressure helps in assessing the severity of the condition and guiding treatment. Assessing for protein in the urine confirms the diagnosis and helps in monitoring kidney function and overall disease progression.
Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Administering magnesium sulfate is typically indicated for severe preeclampsia to prevent seizures, not mild preeclampsia.
C: Encouraging rest and restricted activity can help manage symptoms but is not a primary intervention for mild preeclampsia.
D: Daily blood glucose monitoring is important for gestational diabetes, not specifically for mild preeclampsia.
A nurse is assisting a postpartum person with breastfeeding. What is the best intervention to help relieve nipple pain?
- A. apply lanolin cream
- B. administer analgesics
- C. apply a warm compress
- D. apply cold compresses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: apply lanolin cream. Lanolin cream helps to soothe and moisturize the nipples, reducing pain and promoting healing. It is safe for the baby and does not need to be removed before breastfeeding. Applying analgesics (B) is not recommended as they can be harmful to the baby. Warm compresses (C) may not provide the same level of relief for nipple pain as lanolin cream. Cold compresses (D) are not suitable for relieving nipple pain as they can further exacerbate discomfort. Therefore, applying lanolin cream is the best intervention for relieving nipple pain during breastfeeding.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is at 36 weeks gestation and reports severe lower back pain. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Administer pain medication and ensure the patient rests.
- B. Encourage the patient to engage in light physical activity and maintain good posture.
- C. Instruct the patient to apply heat or cold packs to relieve pain.
- D. Encourage the patient to lie flat on her back for extended periods.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because engaging in light physical activity and maintaining good posture can help alleviate lower back pain during pregnancy by strengthening muscles and improving circulation. Resting may worsen the pain. Applying heat or cold packs may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue. Lying flat on her back for extended periods can lead to decreased blood flow to the uterus and potentially harm the baby.