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A nurse is caring for a pregnant patient with active herpes. The teaching plan for this patient should include which of the following?
- A. Babies delivered vaginally may become infected with the virus.
- B. Recommended treatment is excision of the herpes lesions.
- C. Pain generally does not occur with a herpes outbreak during pregnancy.
- D. Pregnancy may exacerbate the mothers symptoms, but poses no risk to the infant.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because babies can become infected with the herpes virus if delivered vaginally. During childbirth, the virus can be passed to the infant, leading to serious health complications. This information is crucial for the patient to understand in order to make informed decisions about delivery options.
Choice B is incorrect because excision of herpes lesions is not the recommended treatment during pregnancy. Treatment typically involves antiviral medications to manage symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission to the baby.
Choice C is incorrect because herpes outbreaks can indeed be painful during pregnancy due to hormonal changes and a weakened immune system. Pain management strategies should be discussed as part of the teaching plan.
Choice D is incorrect because pregnancy can pose a risk to the infant if the mother has active herpes. It is important to manage the condition appropriately to prevent transmission to the baby.
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A nurse is assisting a patient in making dietarychoices that promote healthy bowel elimination. Which menu option should the nurse recommend?
- A. Broccoli and cheese soup with potato bread
- B. Turkey and mashed potatoes with brown gravy
- C. Grape and walnut chicken salad sandwich on whole wheat bread
- D. Dinner salad topped with hard-boiled eggs, cheese, and fat-free dressing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it includes fiber-rich whole wheat bread, grapes, and walnuts which promote healthy bowel elimination. Whole wheat bread and fruits provide dietary fiber that aids in digestion and prevents constipation. Walnuts are high in omega-3 fatty acids which can also help with bowel regularity.
Option A (Broccoli and cheese soup with potato bread) lacks fiber and may cause constipation due to the low fiber content. Option B (Turkey and mashed potatoes with brown gravy) may be low in fiber and high in fat, which can slow down digestion. Option D (Dinner salad topped with hard-boiled eggs, cheese, and fat-free dressing) is a healthier choice but may lack sufficient fiber for promoting healthy bowel elimination compared to option C.
Which of the following nurses actions carries the greatest potential to prevent hearing loss due to ototoxicity?
- A. Ensure that patients understand the differences between sensory hearing loss and conductive hearing loss.
- B. Educate patients about expected age-related changes in hearing perception.
- C. Educate patients about the risks associated with prolonged exposure to environmental noise.
- D. Be aware of patients medication regimens and collaborate with other professionals accordingly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because being aware of patients' medication regimens allows nurses to identify and monitor ototoxic medications that can cause hearing loss. By collaborating with other professionals, nurses can adjust medications or recommend alternative treatments to prevent or minimize ototoxicity. This proactive approach directly targets the root cause of potential hearing loss.
A: Understanding types of hearing loss is important but does not directly prevent ototoxicity.
B: Educating about age-related changes in hearing does not address ototoxicity prevention.
C: Educating about noise exposure risks is important for overall hearing health but does not specifically prevent ototoxicity.
A patient has been diagnosed with hearing loss related to damage of the end organ for hearing or cranial nerve VIII. What term is used to describe this condition?
- A. Exostoses
- B. Otalgia
- C. Sensorineural hearing loss
- D. Presbycusis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sensorineural hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve (cranial nerve VIII). Exostoses (A) are bony growths in the ear canal, not related to cranial nerve VIII. Otalgia (B) refers to ear pain, not hearing loss. Presbycusis (D) is age-related hearing loss, not specifically related to damage of the end organ for hearing or cranial nerve VIII. Therefore, C is the most appropriate term to describe the given condition.
A nurse is reviewing urinary laboratory results.Which finding will cause the nurse to follow up?
- A. Protein level of 2 mg/100 mL
- B. Urine output of 80 mL/hr
- C. Specific gravity of 1.036
- D. pH of 6.4
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a protein level of 2 mg/100 mL in urine indicates proteinuria, which can be a sign of kidney dysfunction or other underlying health issues. The nurse should follow up to assess further for possible kidney disease or other conditions.
Choice B is not a cause for concern as a urine output of 80 mL/hr is within the normal range.
Choice C indicates concentrated urine, which may be due to dehydration but does not necessarily require immediate follow-up.
Choice D is within the normal range for urine pH and does not typically warrant immediate follow-up.
A public health nurse is teaching a health class for the male students at the local high school. The nurse is teaching the boys to perform monthly testicular self-examinations. What point would be appropriate to emphasize?
- A. Testicular cancer is a highly curable type of cancer.
- B. Testicular cancer is very difficult to diagnose.
- C. Testicular cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in males.
- D. Testicular cancer is more common in older men.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Testicular cancer is a highly curable type of cancer. This is the most appropriate point to emphasize because early detection through regular self-examinations can lead to early treatment and a high survival rate. Testicular cancer has a very high cure rate, especially when detected and treated early. Emphasizing this point encourages boys to perform monthly self-exams, leading to early detection and better outcomes.
Explanation of other choices:
B: Testicular cancer is very difficult to diagnose - This is incorrect because testicular cancer is actually one of the more easily detectable cancers through self-examinations.
C: Testicular cancer is the number one cause of cancer deaths in males - This is incorrect as testicular cancer is not the leading cause of cancer deaths in males.
D: Testicular cancer is more common in older men - This is incorrect as testicular cancer is more common in younger men, typically between the ages of 15 and 44.