Nokea
A nurse is completing a nursing history for a client who takes Simvastatin. The nurse should identify which of the following disorders as a contraindication to adding Ezetimibe to the client's medications?
- A. History of severe constipation
- B. History of hypertension
- C. Active hepatitis C
- D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Active hepatitis C contraindicates ezetimibe due to increased liver risk with statins.
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The patient is taking a drug that affects the body by increasing cellular activity. Where does this drug work on the cell?
- A. Receptor sites
- B. Cell membrane
- C. Golgi body
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Many drugs are thought to act at specific areas on cell membranes called receptor sites. After the receptor site is activated, this in turn activates the enzyme systems to produce certain effects, such as increased or decreased cellular activity, changes in cell membrane permeability, or alterations in cellular metabolism. Receptor sites are generally located on the outside of cells and allow the drug to bypass the cell membrane. The Golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum are not involved in this process.
A young adult female who is taking metronidazole (Flagyl) to treat trichomoniasis calls the nurse to report severe headache, flushing, palpitations, cramping, and nausea. What will the nurse do next?
- A. Ask about alcohol consumption
- B. Reassure her that these are harmless side effects
- C. Tell her that this signals a worsening of her infection
- D. Tell her to go to the emergency department immediately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metronidazole with alcohol causes a disulfiram-like reaction (symptoms listed); it's not infection worsening or harmless . Patients who are taking metronidazole can experience a disulfiram-like reaction when they drink alcohol.
Which of the following is true regarding the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA)?Select one that does not apply.
- A. The act allows for DEA enforcement of the act.
- B. The act gives the FDA power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
- C. The act permits general health claims.
- D. The act does not permit curative health claims.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The DSHEA defines substances such as herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, and other natural substances as 'dietary supplements' and permits general health claims as long as the label also has a disclaimer stating that the supplements are not approved by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. The act gives the FDA the power to enforce the laws governed by the act.
Which of the following produced by the pancreatic beta cells:
- A. Insulin
- B. Gastrin
- C. Somatostatin
- D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin is secreted by pancreatic beta cells to lower blood glucose.
Inhibition of P-glycoprotein by a drug such as quinidine may lead to:
- A. Decreased therapeutic levels of quinidine
- B. Increased therapeutic levels of quinidine
- C. Decreased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that requires P-glycoprotein for absorption and elimination
- D. Increased levels of a coadministered drug, such as digoxin, that requires P-glycoprotein for absorption and elimination
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Quinidine inhibits P-glycoprotein, increasing levels of drugs like digoxin by reducing efflux, not affecting quinidine itself or lowering digoxin .