Nokea
A nurse is conducting a class for a local community group about herbal agents. Which of the following would the nurse include as being effective against fungal skin infections?
- A. Tea tree oil
- B. Gingko biloba
- C. Valerian root
- D. Fever few
- E. Garlic
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Tea tree oil and garlic are two herbs that researchers have identified as having antifungal properties to treat skin infections.
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After teaching a group of nursing students about amphotericin B, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as true?
- A. The drug is light sensitive.
- B. It can be administered via IM injection.
- C. The drug can cause renal damage.
- D. Amphotericin B is administered in the outpatient setting.
- E. The drug should be used within 8 hours.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Amphotericin B is given only under close supervision in the hospital setting, can cause renal damage, is given IV usually over a period of 6 hours, and should be protected from light and used within 8 hours of reconstitution.
The nurse is teaching a client and his family about administering pentamidine at home. Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching?
- A. I should protect the solution from direct light.
- B. The entire treatment should take no more than 15 minutes.
- C. I need to dissolve the drug in the correct amount of sterile water.
- D. Only the pentamidine solution should go into the nebulizer's reservoir.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The pentamidine treatment typically lasts about 30 to 45 minutes. The solution should be protected from light after the drug is dissolved with the proper amount of sterile water. No other drugs should be added to the reservoir.
A client is receiving amphotericin B IV. The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Comfort related to medication administration. The nurse determines that the plan of care was effective when which outcome is achieved?
- A. Client remains free from rigors.
- B. Client exhibits a blood pressure within acceptable parameters.
- C. Client maintains a patent IV infusion site.
- D. Client maintains a urine output of at least 30 mL/hour.
- E. Client demonstrates procedure for cleaning involved area.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The patient receiving amphotericin B IV can experience rigors, hypotension, and problems with the IV infusion site. Therefore, remaining free from rigors and maintaining a stable blood pressure and a patent IV infusion site would indicate that the plan of care for impaired comfort is successful. A urine output of 30 mL/hour would be an indicator of adequate renal tissue perfusion. Cleaning the involved area would not be appropriate because the client has a systemic fungal infection.
Pyrantel has been prescribed for a patient with roundworms. The patient demonstrates understanding of the teaching about this drug when the patient identifies which of the following as an adverse reaction that should be reported to the health care provider immediately?
- A. Abdominal cramping
- B. Headache
- C. Nausea
- D. Rashes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rashes are a serious adverse reaction associated with pyrantel and should be reported immediately. Headache, nausea, and abdominal cramping are not major side effects associated with pyrantel.
The primary health care provider has prescribed quinine for a client. The patient is also taking warfarin. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to keep in mind about this combination when providing care to the patient?
- A. Quinine absorption is increased.
- B. Metabolism of quinine is increased.
- C. The patient is at increased risk for bleeding.
- D. The patient's risk for a heart attack is increased.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Combining warfarin with quinine increases the risk of bleeding. There is no risk of increased absorption or increased metabolism and no increased risk of heart attack associated with taking warfarin and quinine.