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A nurse is counseling a 19-year-old person who has recently been diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The person asks if there is anything specific that should be done before going to play tennis with a friend. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the person to avoid hypoglycemia?
- A. Inject the insulin into the abdomen.
- B. Inject the insulin into the arm.
- C. Inject the insulin into the thigh.
- D. Skip taking any insulin before exercising.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin should be injected into the abdomen as it slows down absorption during activity, helping to maintain stable blood glucose levels during exercise.
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A liver for which two people are tissue-typed has become available after the death of a donor in a car accident. Client A is a 45-year-old substance abuser whose liver is damaged as a result of his use of alcohol. Client B is a 16-year-old adolescent in need of a liver transplant because of a birth abnormality. Which of the following would be useful for a nurse in giving input as to which of the two should receive the liver?
- A. Advocate for Client B because he is the younger of the two and will live longer.
- B. Use feminist moral theory to advocate for Client A in spite of his alcohol use.
- C. Use a guided set of moral principles in decision-making before advocating for either.
- D. Advocate for Client A because he has 15 to 20 years of productive life left.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethical decision-making should involve guided moral principles to ensure fairness in dilemmas like this.
Healthy menu for older adults: Which meal is recommended?
- A. "Egg with toast and orange juice."
- B. "Cheeseburger with baked potato chips and decaf coffee."
- C. "Chef salad with low-fat dressing."
- D. "Turkey bacon sandwich with vegetable chips and iced tea."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The meal meets nutritional guidelines and avoids raw ingredients, providing a balanced, healthy option.
A 27-year-old woman has not received a Pap test in years. This assessment finding identifies an alteration in which functional pattern?
- A. Health-perception–health-management pattern
- B. Elimination pattern
- C. Activity-rest pattern
- D. Self-perception–self-concept pattern
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The failure to receive a Pap test is related to health perceptions and management, which affects health maintenance practices.
Erikson’s task of autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs during which stage of development?
- A. Infancy
- B. Early childhood
- C. Late childhood
- D. Early adolescence
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erikson's task of autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs during early childhood (ages 1–3).
A teenager, who lives at home with her parents and school-aged brother, has been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Which of the following would be the most appropriate teaching goal for this family?
- A. Increased energy level
- B. Improved coping
- C. Enhanced self-esteem
- D. Facilitated family conversation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The family needs to improve coping skills as they adjust to the impact of the teenager's illness.