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A nurse is educating a patient about frozen embryo transfer (FET). What should be emphasized?
- A. FET requires daily hormone injections for success.
- B. FET involves transferring previously frozen embryos into the uterus.
- C. FET is only performed if natural conception is impossible.
- D. FET guarantees a successful pregnancy outcome.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FET involves transferring previously frozen embryos into the uterus. This is because FET is a process where frozen embryos from a previous IVF cycle are thawed and transferred into the uterus. The other choices are incorrect: A is false as hormone injections may not be required daily, C is false as FET can be done for various reasons beyond just natural conception issues, and D is false as success is not guaranteed in any fertility treatment.
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A patient undergoing infertility treatment asks about the importance of stress management. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Stress has no impact on fertility treatment outcomes.
- B. Stress can negatively affect hormone levels and ovulation.
- C. Managing stress is only important after conception occurs.
- D. Stress is a common cause of infertility in both partners.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because stress can indeed negatively affect hormone levels and ovulation, thereby impacting fertility treatment outcomes. High levels of stress can disrupt the delicate balance of hormones involved in the reproductive process, leading to irregular ovulation and potentially hindering conception. It is essential for patients undergoing infertility treatment to manage stress effectively to optimize their chances of success.
Choice A is incorrect because research suggests that stress can impact fertility treatment outcomes. Choice C is incorrect as stress management is important throughout the fertility treatment process, not just after conception. Choice D is incorrect because while stress can contribute to infertility, it is not always the primary cause and can affect fertility differently in each partner.
The nurse is analyzing the pedigree shown below. How should the nurse interpret the genotype of the individual in location II-4?
- A. Affected male.
- B. Unaffected female.
- C. Stillborn child.
- D. Child of unknown sex.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symbol indicates an affected male.
A nurse is counseling a couple on lifestyle modifications to improve fertility. Which recommendation is most appropriate?
- A. Increase caffeine intake for better energy.
- B. Maintain a healthy weight and avoid smoking.
- C. Engage in intensive daily exercise.
- D. Focus solely on timing of intercourse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintain a healthy weight and avoid smoking. This recommendation is most appropriate because both factors significantly impact fertility. Being at a healthy weight improves hormonal balance and ovulation, while smoking can harm sperm quality and reduce fertility.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Increasing caffeine intake may negatively affect fertility, as high levels of caffeine have been linked to reduced fertility in both men and women.
C: Engaging in intensive daily exercise can actually disrupt menstrual cycles and ovulation, negatively impacting fertility.
D: Focusing solely on timing of intercourse overlooks the importance of overall lifestyle factors that can affect fertility, such as diet, weight, and smoking.
A nurse is instructing a woman on the use of ovulation predictor kits. What should the nurse tell the client?
- A. A prescription is required.
- B. The kit will determine a serum LH level.
- C. The LH surge usually occurs 12 hours prior to ovulation.
- D. Your interval of greatest fertility is on the day of the LH surge and the following 2 days.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the interval of greatest fertility is indeed on the day of the LH surge and the following 2 days, maximizing chances of conception. Choice A is incorrect as ovulation predictor kits are typically over-the-counter. Choice B is incorrect as the kit measures urinary LH, not serum. Choice C is incorrect as the LH surge usually occurs 24-36 hours before ovulation, not 12.
A patient asks about the benefits of time-lapse embryo monitoring in IVF. What should the nurse highlight?
- A. It guarantees successful implantation of embryos.
- B. It allows continuous observation of embryo development without disturbing the culture environment.
- C. It eliminates the need for hormone support during IVF.
- D. It shortens the time required for fertilization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because time-lapse embryo monitoring in IVF allows continuous observation of embryo development without disturbing the culture environment. This is crucial as it provides real-time data on embryo growth and helps in selecting the healthiest embryos for transfer. Choice A is incorrect as implantation success is not guaranteed by monitoring alone. Choice C is incorrect as hormone support is still needed in IVF. Choice D is incorrect as time-lapse monitoring does not affect the fertilization process itself.