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During a consultation, a patient asks about egg freezing. What should the nurse emphasize?
- A. Egg freezing is only for women over 35.
- B. The quality of eggs decreases with age, so earlier freezing is recommended.
- C. Frozen eggs can only be used within five years.
- D. Egg freezing eliminates the need for hormonal treatments.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the quality of eggs decreases with age due to biological factors, making earlier egg freezing more effective. Freezing eggs at a younger age preserves better quality eggs for future use in assisted reproduction techniques. Choice A is incorrect as egg freezing is not limited to women over 35. Choice C is incorrect as frozen eggs can be stored for much longer than five years. Choice D is incorrect because egg freezing does not eliminate the need for hormonal treatments; it simply preserves eggs for future use.
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A patient undergoing IVF asks about the role of gonadotropins. What should the nurse explain?
- A. Gonadotropins suppress ovulation to control the cycle.
- B. They stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval.
- C. They are only used during natural conception cycles.
- D. Gonadotropins replace progesterone in early pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because gonadotropins stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs for retrieval during IVF. This is crucial to increase the chances of successful fertilization. Choice A is incorrect as gonadotropins actually stimulate ovulation. Choice C is incorrect as gonadotropins are specifically used in assisted reproductive technologies like IVF. Choice D is incorrect as gonadotropins do not replace progesterone but rather help in follicular development.
What is the significance of basal body temperature (BBT) tracking in fertility?
- A. BBT predicts the exact time of ovulation.
- B. A rise in BBT confirms that ovulation has occurred.
- C. BBT tracking eliminates the need for ovulation predictor kits.
- D. BBT remains constant throughout the menstrual cycle.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
1. BBT rise confirms ovulation due to increased progesterone post-ovulation.
2. Progesterone causes a slight increase in BBT, signaling the release of an egg.
3. The shift in BBT helps predict the fertile window for conception.
4. BBT tracking does not predict the exact time of ovulation (A), nor eliminate the need for ovulation predictor kits (C), and BBT does not remain constant throughout the cycle (D).
A nurse is instructing a client on taking her basal body temperature. The nurse understands that this test is used to determine which of the following?
- A. If the client's cervical mucus contains enough estrogen to support sperm motility.
- B. If the client's temperature rises 1 to 5 days after the midcycle.
- C. If surgical correction of uterine pathology is needed.
- D. If the client is experiencing blockage of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because basal body temperature rises 1 to 5 days after ovulation, indicating that ovulation has occurred. This is important for tracking fertility and planning conception.
A is incorrect because basal body temperature is not used to determine estrogen levels in cervical mucus.
C is incorrect because basal body temperature is not used to diagnose uterine pathology.
D is incorrect because basal body temperature does not assess blockages in the uterine cavity or fallopian tubes.
A client's amniocentesis results were reported as 46, XY. Her obstetrician informed her at the time that everything 'looks good.' Shortly after birth the baby is diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Which of the following responses will explain this result?
- A. It is likely that the client received the wrong amniocentesis results.
- B. Cerebral palsy is not a genetic disease.
- C. The genes that cause cerebral palsy have not yet been discovered.
- D. The genetics lab failed to test for cerebral palsy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cerebral palsy is not typically caused by genetic factors.
A couple is learning about assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Which method involves retrieving eggs and fertilizing them outside the body?
- A. Intrauterine insemination (IUI)
- B. In-vitro fertilization (IVF)
- C. Ovarian stimulation
- D. Egg freezing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: In-vitro fertilization (IVF). In IVF, eggs are retrieved from the ovaries and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory dish. This method involves fertilization outside the body, making it the correct choice.
A: Intrauterine insemination (IUI) involves placing washed sperm directly into the uterus, not fertilizing eggs outside the body.
C: Ovarian stimulation is a process to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs but does not involve fertilization outside the body.
D: Egg freezing is a method where eggs are frozen for future use but does not involve fertilization outside the body.