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A nurse is examining the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of colon cancer in the community. Which of the following measures of life is being investigated?
- A. Quality adjusted life year (QALY)
- B. Quantity of life
- C. Disability adjusted life year (DALY)
- D. Satisfaction of life
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Quantity of life measures are based on incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates, assessing the impact of diseases on life expectancy.
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The nurse is discussing an exercise prescription with a person. To help him determine the appropriate intensity, the nurse tells him that he should monitor his rate of perceived exertion. Which of the following should the nurse tell the man he should experience while exercising?
- A. Talking and singing without difficulty
- B. Feeling extremely fatigued
- C. Having mild musculoskeletal discomfort
- D. Being out of breath
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The rate of perceived exertion helps people determine a comfortable, beneficial level of exercise intensity. Mild musculoskeletal discomfort corresponds to an appropriate target range for most individuals.
A nurse in a college health center is preparing a program on meningococcal disease. What information should be included?
- A. Living in the dorm increases one’s risk of developing meningococcal disease.
- B. The mortality rate from meningococcal disease is very low.
- C. There are no antiviral medications to treat meningococcal outbreaks.
- D. A vaccine for meningococcal disease has not been developed.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dorm living increases the risk for meningococcal disease, and a vaccine is available for prevention.
Suicide Rates Increase in Which Age Group?
- A. 15 to 24
- B. 25 to 39
- C. 40 to 59
- D. 60 to 70
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suicide rates have risen sharply among people aged 15 to 24, making it the second leading cause of death.
A client is scheduled to have open-heart surgery but has not been informed about potential complications. Which ethical concept has been ignored?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Autonomy
- C. Justice
- D. Informed consent
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Informed consent ensures clients understand the risks and benefits of procedures before agreeing to them.
An 18-month-old toddler is being seen for a well-child visit. Which of the following strategies would the nurse use to enlist the toddler’s cooperation?
- A. Ask the toddler if he wants to be examined today.
- B. Ask his mother leave the room while the nurse examines him.
- C. Have him hold the stethoscope diaphragm on his chest while the nurse listens to his chest.
- D. Have his mother hold him down while the nurse examines him.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toddlers are more cooperative when they can actively participate, like holding the stethoscope.