Nokea
A nurse is monitoring a client who takes aspirin 81 mg PO daily. The nurse should identify which of the following manifestations as adverse effects of daily aspirin therapy? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Hypertension
- B. Coffee-ground emesis
- C. Tinnitus
- D. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin can cause GI bleeding , tinnitus , and nausea ; 'possessias' is likely a typo.
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A 15 year old girl experiences epileptic fits during her menstrual periods. Which ONE of the following drugs is best suited for the management of her condition?
- A. Ethosuximide
- B. Valproic acid
- C. Phenytoin
- D. Corticosteroids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproic acid is effective for catamenial epilepsy and tonic-clonic seizures.
Which medication route provides the most rapid onset of a medication, but also poses the greatest risk of adverse effects?
- A. Intradermal
- B. Subcutaneous (subcut)
- C. Intramuscular (IM)
- D. Intravenous (IV)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: IV medications are delivered directly into the bloodstream and avoid the first pass effect of the liver. Intradermal, subcut, and IM administration have a slower absorption rate.
Information technology can also be used for patient teaching during the encounter and after it. The provider can help patients and their families become savvy consumers of health-care information by:
- A. Warning them about the questionable quality of health information online
- B. Identifying easily used 'apps' that patients can use to manage their medications
- C. Teaching them how to identify high-quality Web sites and 'red flags' signaling inaccurate content
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All these strategies help patients navigate health information effectively.
Alpha-beta blockers are especially effective to treat hypertension for which ethnic group?
- A. White
- B. Asian
- C. African American
- D. Native American
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alpha-beta blockers are particularly effective in African Americans due to their dual mechanism.
The current recommended first line treatment of severe malaria in Kenya is?
- A. Quinine
- B. Fansidar
- C. Artescinate
- D. Artemether - lumefantrine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Artesunate (often misspelled as Artescinate) is the recommended first-line treatment for severe malaria in Kenya per WHO and national guidelines, administered IV or IM, followed by oral therapy.