Nokea
Six-year-old Lucy has recently been started on ethosuximide (Zarontin) for seizures. She should be monitored for:
- A. Increased seizure activity, as this drug may auto-induce seizures
- B. Altered renal function, including renal failure
- C. Blood dyscrasias, which are uncommon but possible
- D. Central nervous system excitement, leading to insomnia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethosuximide can rarely cause blood dyscrasias, requiring monitoring.
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You are the home health nurse caring for a 77-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. When assessing this patient, in relation to their drug therapy, what is one thing that would be important for you to include in your assessment?
- A. Patient's age
- B. Required lifestyle changes
- C. Family members in the community
- D. Compliance with nutritional recommendations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifestyle changes (e.g., salt restriction) impact CHF drug therapy efficacy and adherence, critical for assessment.
A genetic variation in how the metabolite of the cancer drug irinotecan SN-38 is inactivated by the body may lead to:
- A. Decreased effectiveness of irinotecan in the treatment of cancer
- B. Increased adverse drug reactions, such as neutropenia
- C. Delayed metabolism of the prodrug irinotecan into the active metabolite SN-38
- D. Increased concerns for irinotecan being carcinogenic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: UGT1A1 mutations slow SN-38 inactivation, raising neutropenia risk , not affecting efficacy or activation .
____ is / are prescribed to prevent swimmer's ear.
- A. Ciprofloxacin otic drops (Ciloxan)
- B. Isopropyl ear drops (EarSol)
- C. Colistin (Coly-Mycin S Otic)
- D. Gentamicin otic drops
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Isopropyl alcohol dries the ear canal, preventing swimmer's ear; antibiotics treat, not prevent.
Drugs that are designated Schedule II by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration:
- A. Are known teratogens during pregnancy
- B. May not be refilled; a new prescription must be written
- C. Have a low abuse potential
- D. May be dispensed without a prescription unless regulated by the state
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Schedule II drugs (e.g., opioids) require new prescriptions without refills due to high abuse potential, unlike teratogenicity or OTC status .
Which antiepileptic drug in therapeutic doses causes least sedation?
- A. Primidone
- B. Clonazepam
- C. Phenytoin
- D. Phenobarbitone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin causes less sedation compared to others.