Nokea
A genetic variation in how the metabolite of the cancer drug irinotecan SN-38 is inactivated by the body may lead to:
- A. Decreased effectiveness of irinotecan in the treatment of cancer
- B. Increased adverse drug reactions, such as neutropenia
- C. Delayed metabolism of the prodrug irinotecan into the active metabolite SN-38
- D. Increased concerns for irinotecan being carcinogenic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: UGT1A1 mutations slow SN-38 inactivation, raising neutropenia risk , not affecting efficacy or activation .
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The treatment of hyperlipidemia with gemfibrozil plus lovastatin is associated with a high risk of:
- A. Constipation
- B. Myopathy
- C. Hepatitis
- D. Thrombocytopenia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Combining gemfibrozil and statins increases the risk of myopathy due to elevated statin levels.
All of following are examples of prodrugs except
- A. Levodopa
- B. Enlapril
- C. Omeprazole
- D. Indomethacin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prodrugs (e.g., levodopa, enalapril, omeprazole) are inactive until metabolized. Indomethacin is active as administered.
A patient is receiving digoxin as treatment for heart failure. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to monitor to reduce the risk for toxicity?
- A. Seizure activity
- B. Drug blood level
- C. Urinary output
- D. Blood pressure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the patient's blood level of the drug to ensure that the level remains within the therapeutic range. Monitoring seizure activity, urination frequency, and blood pressure will not prevent toxicity. Seizure activity is unrelated to digoxin or heart failure.
A nurse is monitoring a client who takes aspirin 81 mg PO daily. The nurse should identify which of the following manifestations as adverse effects of daily aspirin therapy? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Hypertension
- B. Coffee-ground emesis
- C. Tinnitus
- D. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aspirin can cause GI bleeding , tinnitus , and nausea ; 'possessias' is likely a typo.
A patient on furosemide is at risk for which electrolyte imbalance?
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Hypernatremia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Hypomagnesemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Furosemide, a loop diuretic, increases potassium excretion, leading to hypokalemia as a common electrolyte imbalance.