Nokea
A nurse is obtaining the drug history of an older client before his diagnostic examination. Which of the following aspects is essential while obtaining the drug history?
- A. Consulting the physician
- B. Consulting a family member or the caregiver to confirm the client's diet history
- C. Consulting the institution's procedure manual
- D. Consulting a family member or the caregiver to confirm drugs the client is taking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Confirming the drugs a client is taking with family members or caregivers ensures accuracy in the medication history, which is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
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Which of the following is not a steroid-based hormone?
- A. estrogen
- B. aldosterone
- C. epinephrine
- D. cortisone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: epinephrine. Steroid-based hormones are derived from cholesterol and include estrogen, aldosterone, and cortisone. Epinephrine is a catecholamine hormone, not a steroid hormone. Catecholamines are derived from the amino acid tyrosine, not cholesterol like steroid hormones. Therefore, epinephrine does not belong to the category of steroid-based hormones.
Which of the following is an anterior pituitary hormone?
- A. ADH
- B. oxytocin
- C. TSH
- D. cortisol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone). The anterior pituitary gland secretes TSH, which stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. This is a key hormone involved in regulating metabolism.
A: ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) is produced by the posterior pituitary gland.
B: Oxytocin is also produced by the posterior pituitary gland and is involved in uterine contractions and lactation.
D: Cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands, not the pituitary gland.
In summary, TSH is the correct answer as it is the only hormone listed that is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.
A patient is scheduled for a bilateral adrenalectomy. During the postoperative period, what should the nurse expect related to the administration of corticosteroids?
- A. Reduced to promote wound healing
- B. Withheld until symptoms of hypocortisolism appear
- C. Increased to promote an adequate response to the stress of surgery
- D. Reduced because excessive hormones are released during surgical manipulation of adrenal glands
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corticosteroids are increased postoperatively after bilateral adrenalectomy to prevent adrenal insufficiency and support the body's response to surgical stress.
To prevent tissue hypertrophy or atrophy in an insulin-dependent diabetic, the nurse teaches the patient to
- A. use cold insulin
- B. rotate injection sites
- C. inject the insulin directly into the fat
- D. avoid contaminating the needle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rotating injection sites helps to prevent tissue damage and ensures better insulin absorption.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with thyrotoxicosis. On physical assessment of the patient, what should the nurse expect to find?
- A. Hoarseness and laryngeal stridor
- B. Bulging eyeballs and dysrhythmias
- C. Elevated temperature and signs of heart failure
- D. Lethargy progressing suddenly to impairment of consciousness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thyrotoxicosis often causes hyperthermia, tachycardia, and signs of heart failure due to increased metabolic demand from excessive thyroid hormone levels.