Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank

Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Related

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A nurse is preparing to accompany a medical mission's team to a third world country. Marasmus is seen frequently in children 6 months to 2 years in this country. Which symptoms should the nurse expect for this condition?

  • A. Loose, wrinkled skin
  • B. Edematous skin
  • C. Depigmentation of the skin
  • D. Dermatoses
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by a significant deficiency in calories and protein intake. Symptoms of marasmus include severe wasting of muscle and fat stores, giving the appearance of loose, wrinkled skin due to the loss of subcutaneous fat. Other symptoms may include lethargy, irritability, delayed growth and development, and weakened immune function. Edematous skin is more commonly associated with kwashiorkor, another form of severe malnutrition characterized by protein deficiency with adequate caloric intake. Depigmentation of the skin and dermatoses are not typical symptoms of marasmus.

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The child who can transfers object from hand to hand and babbles has achieved the developmental age of

  • A. 4 months
  • B. 6 months
  • C. 8 months
  • D. 10 months
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Transferring objects and babbling typically occur around 6 months.

The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. What is most likely the cause of the diaper rash?

  • A. Impetigo
  • B. Candida albicans
  • C. Urine and feces
  • D. Infrequent diapering
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The presentation of perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds is highly suggestive of a Candida albicans (yeast) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash is characterized by redness, swollenness, and usually involves the skin folds. The warm, moist environment created by a diaper provides an ideal setting for Candida albicans to grow and cause a rash. The presence of satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds further supports the diagnosis of a yeast infection rather than other causes like impetigo, irritation from urine and feces, or infrequent diapering. Treatment for yeast diaper rash typically involves antifungal creams or ointments.

The nurse is preparing a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) for discharge. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

  • A. Exposure to sunlight will help control skin rashes.
  • B. There are no activity limitations between flare-ups.
  • C. Monitor body temperature
  • D. Corticosteroids may be stopped when symptoms are relieved.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Monitoring body temperature is important in clients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) because fever can indicate an infection or a disease flare-up. Clients with SLE are at higher risk of infections due to their compromised immune system, and fever can be a sign of an underlying issue that needs prompt attention. It is essential for the nurse to educate the client about monitoring body temperature regularly and seeking medical advice if there is a sudden increase in temperature.

Discharge care planning has begun for a seriously injured patient who is Asian. The patient's parents have refused routine home health visits. The pediatric nurse understands the family may:

  • A. believe that health outcomes are predetermined.
  • B. feel health is a personal responsibility and maintenance of family reputation is paramount.
  • C. regard health as a family responsibility, seeking outside aid only when resources are exhausted.
  • D. none of the above.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In some cultures, families may prefer to handle health matters internally, viewing outside assistance as a last resort.

Which of the ff. type of eyedrops does the nurse understand is given to constrict the pupil, permitting aqueous humor to flow around the lens?

  • A. Osmotic
  • B. Mydriatic
  • C. Myotic
  • D. Cycloplegic
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Mydriatic eye drops are used to dilate or enlarge the pupil. By dilating the pupil, these eye drops allow more light to enter the eye and are often used before eye exams. This dilation also permits aqueous humor to flow around the lens. In contrast, myotic eye drops are used to constrict the pupil, which can increase pressure in the eye. Osmotic eye drops are used to reduce intraocular pressure by drawing fluid out of the eye. Cycloplegic eye drops are used to temporarily paralyze the muscles in the eye, affecting accommodation and pupil size.

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