Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication from an ampule. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
- A. Inject air into the ampule prior to drawing the medication into a syringe.
- B. Add 0.5 mL of diluent to the medication.
- C. Use a filter needle to aspirate the medication.
- D. Cleanse the tip of the ampule with an alcohol swab after opening.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A filter needle prevents glass particles from entering the syringe, ensuring safety.
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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is perimenopausal. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I might have headaches due to a decline in my estrogen levels.
- B. I should stop receiving Papanicolaou tests once I reach menopause.
- C. I can expect to have regular periods until I am in menopause.
- D. The best time to perform a breast self-examination is on the first day of my period.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Declining estrogen can cause headaches, reflecting perimenopause symptoms.
A nurse is collecting a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity from a client who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Place the specimen in a clean specimen cup.
- B. Remove 45 mL of urine from the catheter with a syringe.
- C. Clamp the catheter tubing below the needleless port.
- D. Clamp the catheter tubing for 60 min.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clamping below the port ensures a fresh, uncontaminated sample.
A nurse is caring for a client who is dying. One of the client's family members tells the nurse, 'I need to help. What can I do?' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Suggest that the family member contact a grief counselor.
- B. Describe a personal experience with the death of a family member.
- C. Include the family member in providing care for the client.
- D. Ask if they have had prior experience with the death of a family member.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Involving the family member in care provides purpose and comfort.
A nurse is caring for a client who refuses their morning dose of antihypertensive medication. The client tells the nurse, 'I'm not going to take this medication because it makes me sick and dizzy.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Document the refusal in the client's medical record.
- B. Return the medication to the medication cabinet.
- C. Inform the client of the potential consequences of their refusal.
- D. Notify the provider of the client's refusal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Informing about consequences first respects autonomy and may encourage compliance.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with an older adult client about the aging process. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following physiological changes are part of the aging process? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Increased peripheral circulation.
- B. Increased constipation.
- C. Decreased muscle mass.
- D. Decreased cough reflex.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: B: Reduced motility causes constipation. C: Sarcopenia reduces muscle mass. D: Weaker cough reflex increases aspiration risk.