Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 650 mg PO every 6 hr PRN for pain. The amount available is acetaminophen liquid 500 mg/5 mL. how many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 6.5
- B. 5
- C. 4.8
- D. 6
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 650 mg ÷ (500 mg/5 mL) = 6.5 mL, matching the answer.
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Digoxin may cause a type A adverse drug reaction due to:
- A. Idiosyncratic effects
- B. Its narrow therapeutic index
- C. Being a teratogen
- D. Being a carcinogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin's narrow therapeutic index leads to Type A (dose-related) ADRs like toxicity, not idiosyncratic or teratogenic/carcinogenic effects .
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the process of drug development in the United States. The students demonstrate understanding of this process when they identify that which of the following categories are assigned by the Food and Drug Administration to newly approved drugs?Select one that does not apply
- A. Metabolite
- B. controlled substance
- C. Prescription
- D. Nonprescription
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Once drugs are approved for use, the FDA assigns the drug to one of the following categories: prescription, nonprescription, or controlled substance. Metabolite refers to the inactive form of the drug. Noncontrolled substance is a term that is not used.
The hypoglycemic mechanism of action of pioglitazone and rosiglitazon is:
- A. They are peroxisome proliferator activating receptor gamma (PPAR-Y) ligands and enhance absorption of glucose and fatty acid
- B. Enhance closure of ATP sensitive K+ channels and entrance of calcium in intracellular efflux via Ca2+ channels
- C. Decrease gluconeogenesis in the liver
- D. Increase tyrosine kinase activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone activate PPAR-gamma, improving insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in tissues.
What is the responsibility of the nurse related to the patient's drug therapy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Teaching the patient how to cope with therapy to ensure the best outcome
- B. Providing therapy as well as medications
- C. Changing of therapy routines
- D. Altering the drug regimen to optimize outcome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nurses teach patients, evaluate therapy effectiveness, but do not alter regimens (physician's role) or provide therapy beyond medication administration.
Commercials on TV for erectile dysfunction (ED) medications warn about mixing them with nitrates. Why?
- A. Increased risk of priapism
- B. Profound hypotension
- C. Development of blue discoloration to the visual field
- D. Inactivation of the ED medication effect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ED drugs (PDE5 inhibitors) with nitrates cause severe vasodilation, leading to hypotension.