Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 15,000 units subcutaneously every 12 hr. The amount available is heparin injection 20,000 units/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 0.8
- B. 1
- C. 0.2
- D. 0.5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 15,000 units ÷ 20,000 units/mL = 0.75 mL, rounded to 0.8 mL, matching the answer.
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A nurse is reviewing the health care record of a client who reports urinary incontinence and asks about a prescription for Oxybutynin. The nurse should recognize that Oxybutynin is contraindicated in the presence of which of the following conditions?
- A. Bursitis
- B. Brussels
- C. Depression
- D. Glaucoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxybutynin is contraindicated in glaucoma due to its anticholinergic effects increasing intraocular pressure.
In which type of cell are ligand-gated ion channels most commonly found?
- A. Cells that are terminally differentiated
- B. Cells that produce large proteins
- C. Cells that need to respond quickly to external stimuli
- D. Cells that respond to mechanic forces
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ligand-gated ion channels enable rapid responses to stimuli, common in excitable cells like neurons and muscle cells.
Which of the following is seen in first order kinetics
- A. Rate depends upon plasma cone.
- B. Rate does not depend on plasma cone.
- C. Rate depends upon plasma protein binding
- D. Elimination depends upon amount of drug
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In first-order kinetics, the elimination rate is proportional to plasma concentration.
Jim presents with complaints of 'heartburn' that is minimally relieved with Tums (calcium carbonate) and is diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). An appropriate first-step therapy would be:
- A. Omeprazole (Prilosec) twice a day
- B. Ranitidine (Zantac) twice a day
- C. Famotidine (Pepcid) once a day
- D. Metoclopramide (Reglan) four times a day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ranitidine , an H2 blocker, is a standard first-line GERD treatment; PPIs are next-step, and metoclopramide is for motility.
The patient looks at the prescription provided by the doctor and asks the nurse whether he can request a generic substitution. The nurse answers No when noting what on the prescription?
- A. No refills
- B. DAW
- C. Brand name used on prescription
- D. Patient older than 65 years of age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: DAW stands for dispense as written and means that the doctor does not want a generic substituted for the prescribed medication. Requesting no refills does not preclude the substitution of a generic medication. Even when the brand name is ordered, the pharmacist can substitute a generic equivalent so long as the prescriber does not write DAW. Generic substitutions are not impacted by the patient's age.