Pediatrics Baby Fell off Bed Questions

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An adult has been diagnosed with some type of anemia. The results of his blood tests showed: decreased WBC, normal RBC, decreased HCT, decreased Hgb. Based on these data, which of the following nursing diagnosis should the nurse prioritize as the most important?

  • A. Potential for infection
  • B. Self care deficit
  • C. Alteration in infection
  • D. Fluid volume excess
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The decreased white blood cell count (WBC) in the blood tests indicates a potential for infection. White blood cells are crucial for fighting off infections in the body. A decrease in WBC count can result in an impaired immune response, making the individual more susceptible to infections. Therefore, the nurse should prioritize the nursing diagnosis of "Potential for infection" to address the heightened risk of infection in the adult with anemia. It is important to monitor for signs and symptoms of infection, provide appropriate hygiene measures, and implement interventions to prevent infections in this individual.

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Which is a common side effect of short-term corticosteroid therapy?

  • A. Fever
  • B. Hypertension
  • C. Weight loss
  • D. Increased appetite
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Increased appetite is a common side effect of short-term corticosteroid therapy. Corticosteroids can affect the areas of the brain that control appetite, leading to an increase in hunger and potentially weight gain. While weight loss can occur with long-term corticosteroid use, short-term therapy is more likely to cause increased appetite as a side effect. Fever and hypertension are less commonly associated with short-term corticosteroid therapy.

The nurse observes yellow staining in the sclera of eyes, soles of feet, and palms of hands. How should the nurse document these findings?

  • A. Normal
  • B. Erythema
  • C. Jaundice
  • D. Ecchymosis
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Jaundice is the yellow discoloration of the skin, sclera (white part of the eyes), soles of feet, and palms of hands that occurs due to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells and is normally processed by the liver and excreted in bile. When the liver is unable to process bilirubin effectively, it can accumulate in the blood and cause jaundice. Therefore, the nurse should document these findings as jaundice, which is a sign of liver dysfunction or other underlying health issues that need further assessment and management.

Which of the following is usually the first symptom of a cataract that the nurse would expect a patient to report during assessment?

  • A. Dry eyes
  • B. Blurring of vision
  • C. Eye pain
  • D. Loss of peripheral vision
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Blurring of vision is typically the first symptom of a cataract that the nurse would expect a patient to report during assessment. As a cataract develops, it causes clouding of the eye's lens, leading to a decrease in the clarity of vision. This blurriness can progress over time, impacting the patient's ability to see clearly. Other symptoms such as glare sensitivity, poor night vision, double vision, and color fading may also be present as the cataract progresses. Dry eyes, eye pain, and loss of peripheral vision are not typically the initial symptoms associated with cataracts.

Which manifestation is more specific to occur in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) than other types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma?

  • A. primary bone marrow involvement
  • B. intestinal involvement
  • C. CNS involvement
  • D. primary mediastinal involvement
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Primary mediastinal involvement is a hallmark feature of ALCL.

A 4 years old boy presents with low grade fever and malaise. Throat examination reveals a grayish white membrane which is tightly adherent and bleeds on an attempt to remove. The most likely diagnosis is:

  • A. Acute Follicular tonsillitis
  • B. Diphtheria
  • C. Herpetic infection
  • D. Infectious mononucleosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Diphtheria causes a characteristic grayish-white membrane in the throat that bleeds when removed, along with systemic symptoms like fever and malaise.

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