Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions

Gastrointestinal Nursing Questions Related

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A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client reports that he has not had the procedure before and is very anxious about feeling pain during the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

  • A. Don't worry; most clients dislike the prep more than the procedure itself.'
  • B. Before the examination, your provider will give you a sedative that will make you sleepy.'
  • C. I know you're anxious, but this procedure is recommended for people your age.'
  • D. After you have signed the consent form, we can talk more about this.'
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Providing a sedative before the colonoscopy is appropriate as it helps reduce anxiety and discomfort during the procedure.
Step 2: Sedatives induce relaxation and drowsiness, making the client feel sleepy and less likely to experience pain.
Step 3: Addressing the client's anxiety by mentioning the sedative shows empathy and reassurance.
Step 4: This option focuses on addressing the client's concern about pain during the procedure effectively.

Summary:
- Option A dismisses the client's concerns and does not provide a solution.
- Option C acknowledges the anxiety but does not offer a specific solution.
- Option D delays addressing the client's anxiety without providing immediate reassurance or information.

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Identify one nursing intervention indicated for each of the following desired outcomes of tube feeding.

  • A. Prevention of aspiration
  • B. Prevention of diarrhea
  • C. Maintenance of tube patency
  • D. Maintenance of tube placement
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prevention of aspiration. This is essential in tube feeding to avoid the risk of food or liquid entering the lungs, causing aspiration pneumonia. Nursing interventions for this include ensuring proper positioning during and after feeding, checking residual volumes before each feeding, and using the appropriate tube size and placement.

Incorrect Choices:
B: Prevention of diarrhea - Diarrhea is not directly related to tube feeding complications, but rather to factors such as infection, medication side effects, or underlying conditions.
C: Maintenance of tube patency - While important, this focuses on ensuring the tube remains clear and functional, not directly related to preventing aspiration.
D: Maintenance of tube placement - Ensuring proper tube placement is crucial for effective feeding but does not directly address the risk of aspiration.

Which of the following is a major site of nutrient absorption?

  • A. duodenum
  • B. jejunum
  • C. ileum
  • D. colon
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: jejunum. The jejunum is a major site of nutrient absorption in the small intestine due to its extensive surface area and presence of villi and microvilli that facilitate absorption of nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The duodenum primarily functions in digestion, the ileum mainly absorbs vitamin B12 and bile salts, and the colon absorbs water and electrolytes. Therefore, the jejunum is the correct choice for being a major site of nutrient absorption.

Which of the following is not a part of the small intestine?

  • A. Duodenum
  • B. Jejunum
  • C. Ileum
  • D. Colon
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Colon. The colon is not a part of the small intestine; it is part of the large intestine. The small intestine consists of three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum is the first segment of the small intestine, followed by the jejunum and then the ileum. The colon, also known as the large intestine, comes after the small intestine in the digestive system. Therefore, the colon is not a part of the small intestine, making choice D the correct answer.

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

  • A. absorbing nutrients
  • B. absorbing water and electrolytes
  • C. digesting proteins
  • D. secreting digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the large intestine is to absorb water and electrolytes from the indigestible food residue passed from the small intestine. This absorption process helps in forming solid waste (feces) and maintaining body fluid balance. Absorbing nutrients (Option A) primarily occurs in the small intestine. Digesting proteins (Option C) mainly takes place in the stomach and small intestine. The secretion of digestive enzymes (Option D) also primarily occurs in the stomach and small intestine, not in the large intestine. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

When assessing a client for acute pancreatitis, which of the following symptoms will the nurse observe?

  • A. Increased thirst and urination
  • B. Hypertension and nausea
  • C. Rapid breathing and pulse rate
  • D. Frothy, foul-smelling stools
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rapid breathing and pulse rate. In acute pancreatitis, inflammation of the pancreas can lead to systemic complications, including respiratory distress and tachycardia. This occurs due to the release of inflammatory mediators affecting the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Increased thirst and urination (Choice A) are more indicative of diabetes or renal issues. Hypertension and nausea (Choice B) are not typical symptoms of acute pancreatitis. Frothy, foul-smelling stools (Choice D) are more likely linked to malabsorption disorders rather than acute pancreatitis. Rapid breathing and pulse rate are key signs that indicate the severity of the condition and the need for prompt intervention.

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