Nokea
A nurse is providing tracheostomy care. What action by the nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse?
- A. Holding the device securely when changing ties
- B. Suctioning the client first if secretions are present
- C. Tying a square knot at the back of the neck
- D. Using half-strength peroxide for cleansing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Tying a square knot at the back of the neck is incorrect because it can be too tight and cause discomfort or restrict airflow. A is correct as holding the device securely is necessary for safety. B is correct as suctioning before changing ties prevents aspiration. D is correct as using half-strength peroxide is appropriate for cleaning. Tying a square knot can lead to complications, making it the action that requires intervention.
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During a health promotion program, why should the nurse plan to target women in a discussion of lung cancer prevention?
- A. Women develop lung cancer at a younger age than men.
- B. More women die of lung cancer than die from breast cancer.
- C. Women have a worse prognosis from lung cancer than do men.
- D. Women are more likely to develop small cell carcinoma than men.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Since the statement "Women are more likely to develop small cell carcinoma than men" is not a valid reason for targeting women in a discussion of lung cancer prevention, it becomes the correct answer in this context.
Carbonic anhydrase
- A. combines with water to form carbonic acid
- B. dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions.
- C. is normally found in red blood cells.
- D. all of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reversible reaction between carbon dioxide and water to form carbonic acid, which then dissociates into bicarbonate and hydrogen ions. It is indeed found in red blood cells, aiding in CO2 transport. Therefore, all the statements are true, making option D the correct answer.
cochlea's have how many fluid filled chamber?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cochlea has 3 fluid-filled chambers: the scala vestibuli, scala media, and scala tympani. These chambers are essential for hearing as they contain different fluids (perilymph and endolymph) that help transmit sound vibrations. Choice A (1 chamber) is incorrect as the cochlea has multiple distinct chambers. Choice B (2 chambers) is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the anatomical structure of the cochlea. Choice D (4 chambers) is incorrect as the cochlea typically consists of 3 chambers, not 4. Therefore, the correct answer is C (3 chambers) based on the accurate anatomical structure of the cochlea.
Which information from a client helps the nurse confirm the previous diagnosis of chronic stable angina?
- A. The pain wakes me up at night.
- B. The pain is level 3 to 5 (0 to 10 scale).
- C. The pain has gotten worse over the last week.
- D. The pain goes away after I stop jogging.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because chronic stable angina is characterized by chest pain or discomfort that is triggered by physical exertion or emotional stress and relieved by rest or medication. Therefore, the fact that the pain goes away after stopping jogging aligns with the typical pattern of chronic stable angina.
A: The pain waking the client up at night is more indicative of unstable angina or a heart attack.
B: The level of pain on a scale does not provide conclusive evidence of chronic stable angina.
C: Pain worsening over time may suggest unstable angina or a heart attack rather than chronic stable angina.
A nurse is providing care after auscultating a client's breath sounds. Which assessment finding is correctly matched to the nurse's primary intervention?
- A. Hollow sounds are heard over the trachea. The nurse increases the oxygen flow rate.
- B. Crackles are heard in bases. The nurse encourages the client to cough forcefully.
- C. Wheezes are heard in central areas. The nurse administers an inhaled bronchodilator.
- D. Vesicular sounds are heard over the periphery. The nurse has the client breathe deeply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because wheezes indicate narrowing of airways, requiring bronchodilation. Step 1: Identify the assessment finding (wheezes). Step 2: Understand that wheezes indicate airway constriction. Step 3: Appropriately intervene by administering a bronchodilator to dilate the airways and improve breathing. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Increasing oxygen flow rate does not address airway constriction. B: Encouraging coughing for crackles does not address airway narrowing. D: Deep breathing for vesicular sounds does not target airway constriction.