Nokea
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client and notes the various orders for drug therapy. Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to find? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Standing order
- B. STAT order
- C. Single order
- D. Alternate order
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Common orders given by health care providers for drug therapy include the standing order, the single order, the PRN order, and the STAT order.
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When taking a medication history on a patient why should the nurse ask about the use of complementary or alternative therapies?
- A. Patients starting on new drugs are usually not compliant with medical regimens.
- B. Many drug-alternative therapy interactions can cause serious problems.
- C. Natural products may be more effective and the prescribed drug may not be needed.
- D. The cost of the drug and the alternative therapy may be too expensive for the patient to hand
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Complementary therapies can interact with prescribed drugs, posing risks that the nurse must identify.
Prophylactic use of bisphosphonates is recommended for patients with early osteopenia related to long-term use of which of the following drugs?
- A. Selective estrogen receptor modulators
- B. Aspirin
- C. Glucocorticoids
- D. Calcium supplements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucocorticoids cause bone loss, warranting bisphosphonate prophylaxis; SERMs protect bone.
A patient who is taking isoniazid (INH) as part of a two-drug tuberculosis treatment regimen reports tingling of the fingers and toes. The nurse will recommend discussing which treatment with the provider?
- A. Adding pyrazinamide
- B. Changing to ethambutol
- C. Increasing oral fluid intake
- D. Taking pyridoxine (B6)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pyridoxine prevents INH-induced neuropathy (tingling); changing drugs or fluids doesn't address this. Peripheral neuropathy is an adverse reaction to INH, so pyridoxine is usually given to prevent this.
Which of the following is natural mineralcorticoid:
- A. Methylprednisolone
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Triamcinolone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is the natural mineralocorticoid regulating sodium and potassium balance.
A nurse is caring for a client who received IV Verapamil to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). The client's pulse rate is now 98/min and his blood pressure is 74/44 mg hg. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following IV medications?
- A. Calcium gluconate
- B. Sodium bicarbonate
- C. Potassium chloride
- D. Magnesium sulfate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium gluconate reverses verapamil-induced hypotension by counteracting calcium channel blockade.