Nokea
A nurse is teaching a community health class of women and explains that an STI is associated with an increased risk of infertility in women. Which STIs should the nurse identify?
- A. HSV-2
- B. Syphilis
- C. Chlamydia
- D. HPV
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chlamydia. Chlamydia is associated with an increased risk of infertility in women due to its ability to cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to scarring and damage to the reproductive organs. This scarring can result in blocked fallopian tubes, making it difficult for an egg to be fertilized by sperm. HSV-2 (Choice A) is a viral infection that primarily causes genital herpes but is not directly linked to infertility. Syphilis (Choice B) can lead to serious complications but infertility is not a common outcome. HPV (Choice D) is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause genital warts and cervical cancer, but it does not typically lead to infertility in women.
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Which is a constellation of physical and psychological symptoms beginning in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and followed by a symptom-free period?
- A. Endometriosis
- B. Abnormal uterine bleeding
- C. Premenstrual syndrome
- D. Depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) occurs in the luteal phase due to hormonal changes.
2. PMS includes physical and psychological symptoms.
3. It is followed by a symptom-free period (during menstruation).
4. Endometriosis is a separate condition involving tissue growth outside the uterus.
5. Abnormal uterine bleeding refers to irregular bleeding patterns.
6. Depression is a mental health condition not specific to the menstrual cycle.
Summary:
PMS is the correct answer as it aligns with the timing, symptoms, and pattern described in the question. Endometriosis, abnormal uterine bleeding, and depression do not fully match the criteria provided.
A 32-week-gestation client was last seen in the prenatal clinic at 28 weeks' gestation. Which of the following changes should the nurse bring to the attention of the certified nurse midwife?
- A. Weight change from 128 pounds to 138 pounds.'
- B. Pulse rate change from 88 bpm to 92 bpm.'
- C. Blood pressure change from 120/80 to 118/78.'
- D. Respiratory rate change from 16 rpm to 20 rpm.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a weight gain of 10 pounds in 4 weeks for a 32-week-gestation client is excessive and may indicate a potential issue such as gestational diabetes or preeclampsia.
B: The pulse rate change is within a normal range for pregnancy.
C: The blood pressure change is minimal and still within normal limits.
D: The respiratory rate change is also within normal limits for pregnancy.
The test used to screen for gestational diabetes is the:
- A. Glycosylated hemoglobin test.
- B. Glucose challenge test.
- C. Oral glucose tolerance test.
- D. Postprandial glucose test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Glucose challenge test. This test is used to screen for gestational diabetes as it involves drinking a glucose solution and measuring blood sugar levels afterward. This test is specifically designed to assess how well the body processes sugar during pregnancy. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Glycosylated hemoglobin test measures average blood sugar levels over the past 2-3 months and is not specific for gestational diabetes.
C: Oral glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose gestational diabetes, not to screen for it.
D: Postprandial glucose test measures blood sugar levels after a meal and is not the recommended screening test for gestational diabetes.
The client receives zidovudine (Retrovir) for treatment of HIV infection. Which assessment data indicates an adverse reaction to the drug?
- A. Cough
- B. Enlarged lymph nodes
- C. Decreased WBC count
- D. Fever
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased WBC count. Zidovudine is known to cause bone marrow suppression which can lead to a decrease in white blood cell count. This is an adverse reaction as it increases the risk of infections.
A: Cough is not a common adverse reaction to zidovudine.
B: Enlarged lymph nodes are not directly associated with zidovudine adverse reactions.
D: Fever is a non-specific symptom and can occur due to various reasons, not specifically related to zidovudine.
Therefore, the most concerning and relevant assessment data indicating an adverse reaction to zidovudine is a decreased white blood cell count.
Which statement by the woman indicates that she does not understand the teaching provided about postmastectomy breast reconstruction home care?
- A. I will avoid trauma to my breasts.
- B. I will need to wear a tight bra immediately.
- C. I have to empty my drains every 8 hours.
- D. I must notify the doctor if I notice any skin ulceration or changes in breast color such as redness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because wearing a tight bra immediately after postmastectomy breast reconstruction is not recommended as it can restrict blood flow and cause discomfort. A is correct because avoiding trauma is important. C is correct because draining is necessary. D is correct because skin changes should be reported.