Nokea
A nurse is teaching the parents of a newborn how to care for their child's uncircumcised penis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Retract the foreskin until you feel resistance.
- B. Use a cotton swab to clean under the foreskin.
- C. Apply petroleum jelly to the foreskin.
- D. Wash the penis once per day with soup and water.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because washing the penis once per day with soap and water is the appropriate way to care for an uncircumcised penis. This helps maintain good hygiene and prevents infections. Retracting the foreskin forcefully (Choice A) can cause injury and should not be done until the child is older. Using a cotton swab (Choice B) can leave fibers behind and may cause irritation. Applying petroleum jelly (Choice C) is unnecessary and can increase the risk of infections. Therefore, washing the penis with soap and water daily is the most effective and safe method for caring for an uncircumcised penis.
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How can a nurse best prevent heat loss in a newborn during the first hour of life?
- A. Place the newborn under a radiant warmer
- B. Dry the newborn and cover with a warm blanket
- C. Place the newborn in a skin-to-skin position with the mother
- D. Keep the newborn wrapped in a wet blanket
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place the newborn under a radiant warmer. This method is the most effective in preventing heat loss in a newborn as radiant warmers provide a consistent heat source to maintain the newborn's body temperature. This is crucial during the first hour of life when newborns are at a higher risk of hypothermia.
Choice B is not as effective as using a radiant warmer as it may not provide enough warmth to prevent heat loss. Choice C, placing the newborn in a skin-to-skin position with the mother, is beneficial for bonding and regulating the newborn's temperature in the long term but may not be as effective as a radiant warmer in the immediate post-birth period.
Choice D, keeping the newborn wrapped in a wet blanket, is incorrect as wet blankets can further contribute to heat loss through evaporative cooling. In summary, using a radiant warmer is the best option for preventing heat loss in a newborn during the critical first hour of life.
Which finding in a laboring mother requires immediate intervention?
- A. Contractions occurring every 5 minutes
- B. Late decelerations on fetal heart monitor
- C. Early decelerations on fetal heart monitor
- D. Elevated maternal temperature during labor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Elevated maternal temperature during labor. This finding indicates a potential infection, such as chorioamnionitis, which can be harmful to both the mother and the baby if not promptly treated. Immediate intervention is necessary to prevent complications like sepsis.
Contractions every 5 minutes (A) are within the normal range for active labor. Late decelerations (B) can indicate uteroplacental insufficiency and require monitoring but not immediate intervention unless persistent. Early decelerations (C) are usually benign and do not typically require immediate action.
A client at 34 weeks' gestation reports decreased fetal movements. What should the nurse advise first?
- A. Drink a glass of juice and lie down.
- B. Come to the clinic immediately.
- C. Monitor fetal movements for 24 hours.
- D. Call the healthcare provider tomorrow.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Drink a glass of juice and lie down. This advice is based on the concept that consuming juice can stimulate fetal movements due to the increase in blood sugar levels. Lying down also helps the client focus on feeling the movements. This initial step is non-invasive and can potentially address the decreased fetal movements promptly. Choices B and D delay action, which can be dangerous if there is a significant issue with the baby. Choice C might lead to unnecessary waiting and potential risks if the fetus is in distress.
A nurse is completing a health history for a client who is at 6-week gestation. The client informs the nurse that she smokes one park of cigarettes per day. The nurse should advise the client that smoking places the client9s newborn at risk for what complication?
- A. Hearing loss
- B. Intrauterine growth restriction
- C. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- D. Congenital heart defects
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Smoking during pregnancy can restrict blood flow to the fetus, leading to inadequate oxygen and nutrients, resulting in IUGR. This can lead to low birth weight and potential health complications for the newborn. Hearing loss (A) is not directly associated with smoking during pregnancy. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (C) is an autoimmune condition not caused by maternal smoking. Congenital heart defects (D) can be a risk with smoking during pregnancy, but the most direct risk is IUGR.
The nurse is teaching a client about morning sickness. What recommendation should the nurse provide?
- A. Eat large meals three times a day.
- B. Drink fluids with meals.
- C. Consume dry crackers before getting out of bed.
- D. Avoid eating before bedtime.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consume dry crackers before getting out of bed. This recommendation helps alleviate morning sickness by providing a bland and easily digestible snack to settle the stomach before getting up. By consuming dry crackers, the client can avoid an empty stomach, which can contribute to nausea. Eating large meals three times a day (A) can worsen morning sickness due to heavy digestion, while drinking fluids with meals (B) may exacerbate nausea. Avoiding eating before bedtime (D) is generally recommended, but it does not specifically address morning sickness.