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A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child about transdermal Methylphenidate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Apply one patch twice per day.
- B. Leave the patch on for 9 hr.
- C. Apply the patch to the child's waist.
- D. Use opened tray within 6 months.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methylphenidate patches are worn for 9 hours to control ADHD symptoms during the day.
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The mean weight of 500 college students is 70 kg and the standard deviation is 3 kg. Assuming that the weight is normally distributed, determine how many students weigh between 60 kg and 75 kg.
- A. 450
- B. 476
- C. 480
- D. 490
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Convert to z-scores: (60-70)/3 = -3.33, (75-70)/3 = 1.67. P(-3.33 < Z ≤ 1.67) = P(Z ≤ 1.67) - P(Z ≤ -3.33) = 0.9525 - (1 - 0.9996) = 0.9521. Then, 0.9521 * 500 ≈ 476, as per the document.
Jim is being treated for hypertension. Because he has a history of heart attack, the drug chosen is atenolol. Beta blockers treat hypertension by:
- A. Increasing heart rate to improve cardiac output
- B. Reducing vascular smooth muscle tone
- C. Increasing aldosterone-mediated volume activity
- D. Reducing aqueous humor production
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta blockers like atenolol reduce vascular tone and heart rate, lowering blood pressure.
Which of the following is a biguanides which is used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II:
- A. Repaglinide
- B. Glibenclamide
- C. Metformin
- D. Pioglitazone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is the primary biguanide used for type 2 diabetes, reducing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity.
The nurse is teaching a patient about rifampin. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should not wear soft contact lenses while taking rifampin
- B. I will need regular eye examinations while taking this drug
- C. I will report orange urine to my provider immediately
- D. I understand that renal toxicity is a common adverse effect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rifampin stains fluids red-orange, risking soft lens damage; eye exams are for ethambutol, and urine color is benign. Patients taking rifampin should be warned that urine, feces, saliva, sputum, sweat, and tears may turn a harmless red-orange color.
Inhaled corticosteroids in Bronchial Asthma:
- A. Produce modest immediate bronchodilation
- B. Are synergistic with inhaled methacholine
- C. Are antagonized by atropine
- D. Inhibit IgE-antigen binding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids reduce inflammation by inhibiting IgE-mediated responses.