Nokea
A nurse is working with a group of older adults attending a seminar on the physical and emotional effects of aging. Which patient statements are good predictors of positive well-being and perceived mortality? (Select all that apply.)
“Not having to deal with the stress of any major chronic illnesses.”
- A. “Being satisfied with growing older.”
- B. “Feeling younger than my birthdays say I should.”
- C. “Retirement gives me time to do the things I’ve put off doing.”
- D. “At least I don’t have to worry about having enough money to retire.
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Statement A indicates a positive attitude towards aging, which is a good predictor of positive well-being. Feeling satisfied with growing older can lead to better emotional health and higher perceived mortality. Statement C suggests that retirement provides opportunities for personal fulfillment, which can contribute to positive well-being. Statements B and D do not directly address attitudes towards aging or well-being, making them less reliable predictors.
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A teen states, "I miss my dog so much, but if I start crying, I will never stop." This reflects a fear of:
- A. Losing control over her emotions
- B. Losing the support of her friends and family
- C. Embarrassing herself by crying in public
- D. Appearing emotionally immature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the teen is expressing a fear of losing control over her emotions if she starts crying. This is evident from her belief that she will never stop crying once she starts. Option B (Losing the support of her friends and family) is incorrect as the statement does not suggest concern about losing support. Option C (Embarrassing herself by crying in public) is incorrect as the fear expressed is more about not being able to stop crying rather than embarrassment. Option D (Appearing emotionally immature) is incorrect as there is no indication that the teen is worried about how others perceive her emotional maturity.
When making a distinction as to whether an elderly patient has confusion related to delirium or another problem, what information would be of particular value?
- A. Evidence of spasticity or flaccidity
- B. Medications the patient has recently taken.
- C. Level of preoccupation with somatic symptoms
- D. The patient’s level of motor activity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Medications the patient has recently taken. This is crucial because certain medications can cause delirium in elderly patients. Step 1: Evaluate recent medication history. Step 2: Identify medications known to cause delirium. Step 3: Determine if the patient has taken any of these medications. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Evidence of spasticity or flaccidity is more related to neuromuscular conditions. C: Level of preoccupation with somatic symptoms is not specific to delirium assessment. D: The patient’s level of motor activity is not a key factor in distinguishing delirium from other problems.
By the end of the orientation phase, which outcome can be identified for a newly admittedpatient? The patient will demonstrate:
- A. Positive transference with a staff member
- B. Ability to ask for help in meeting needs
- C. Commitment to long-term therapy
- D. Ability to manage symptoms independently
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because positive transference with a staff member in the orientation phase indicates a developing therapeutic relationship, which is crucial for effective treatment. This outcome shows the patient is beginning to trust and feel safe with a staff member, enhancing their engagement in therapy.
Choice B is incorrect because the ability to ask for help in meeting needs may not be fully developed by the end of the orientation phase. Choice C is incorrect as commitment to long-term therapy is usually not established this early in the process. Choice D is incorrect because the ability to manage symptoms independently typically requires more time and therapy progress.
The common element seen in every type of bereavement is:
- A. Bereavement is a predictable process that is a result of loss.
- B. The individual has experienced the loss of something of importance.
- C. Acute depression is generally experienced by all who grieve for a loss.
- D. Yearning or longing for the deceased
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it captures the essence of bereavement - the experience of loss. This choice acknowledges that bereavement involves losing something significant, which is a universal aspect of grieving. Other choices are incorrect - A is not always predictable, C is not always acute depression, and D focuses on a specific aspect of grief rather than the core element of loss. Therefore, B is the most comprehensive and inclusive choice.
Which response by the nurse would best assist a patient in de-escalating aggressive behavior?
- A. "Tell me what’s going on."
- B. "Why are you getting so upset?"
- C. "If you throw something, you will be restrained."
- D. "It’s time for group therapy. You can talk there."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates active listening and shows empathy towards the patient, which can help them feel heard and understood. By inviting the patient to express their feelings and concerns, the nurse can help de-escalate the situation by addressing the underlying issues.
Choice B is incorrect because it may come across as confrontational and could further provoke the patient's aggression. Choice C is also incorrect as it threatens the patient with consequences, which can escalate the situation. Choice D is not appropriate as it distracts from addressing the current issue of aggression and may not be well-received by the patient in that moment.