Nokea
A nurse teaches an older woman who has a decreased production of estrogen. Which statement would the nurse include in this client’s teaching to decrease injury?
- A. Drink at least 2 quarts (2 L) of fluids each day.
- B. Walk around the neighborhood for daily exercise.
- C. Bathe your perineal area twice a day.
- D. You should check your blood glucose before meals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Daily exercise, such as walking, helps improve bone density and strength, reducing the risk of falls and fractures in older women with decreased estrogen production. Walking also helps maintain muscle strength and balance.
A: Drinking fluids is important for overall health but does not directly address decreasing injury in this scenario.
C: Bathing the perineal area twice a day is important for hygiene but does not specifically address decreasing injury.
D: Checking blood glucose levels is important for diabetes management but is not directly related to decreasing injury in this case.
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The secretion of this gland enhances a sympathetic response.
- A. Adrenal medulla
- B. Pancreas
- C. Adrenal cortex
- D. Parathyroid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Adrenal medulla. The adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline, which are hormones that enhance the sympathetic response of the body. This response includes increased heart rate, dilation of airways, and increased blood flow to muscles. The other choices, B: Pancreas, C: Adrenal cortex, and D: Parathyroid, do not directly enhance sympathetic responses. The pancreas regulates blood sugar levels, the adrenal cortex produces cortisol and aldosterone, and the parathyroid regulates calcium levels. Therefore, only the adrenal medulla directly contributes to the sympathetic response, making it the correct choice.
Which one of the following hormones is secreted by neurones?
- A. Insulin
- B. Oxytocin
- C. Thyroid stimulating hormone
- D. Cortisol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxytocin. Neurones secrete oxytocin, a hormone involved in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation. Neurones release oxytocin from the hypothalamus into the bloodstream. Insulin is secreted by pancreatic cells, not neurones. Thyroid stimulating hormone is produced by the pituitary gland, and cortisol is released by the adrenal glands. Therefore, the correct answer is oxytocin as it is the hormone secreted by neurones.
What is the density of the block and does it float or sink in the liquid?
- A. 0.50, floats
- B. 0.50, sinks
- C. 2.0, floats
- D. 2.0, sinks
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 2.0, sinks. Density is calculated by mass/volume. If the density of the block is 2.0, it means it is denser than the liquid (density of water is around 1.0), so it will sink. If the density was 0.50, it would be less dense than the liquid and float, making choices A and C incorrect. Choice B is also incorrect as a block with a density of 0.50 would float.
Water-soluble hormones exhibit the shortest __________.
- A. half-life
- B. activation time
- C. molecule
- D. chain of amino acids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: half-life. Water-soluble hormones have a shorter half-life compared to lipid-soluble hormones because they are quickly metabolized and excreted from the body. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Activation time is not directly related to the solubility of hormones.
C: The size of the hormone molecule doesn't determine its solubility in water.
D: The chain of amino acids may vary in different types of hormones, but it doesn't necessarily dictate their solubility.
The nurse has identified the nursing diagnosis of fatigue for a patient who is hypothyroid. What should the nurse do while caring for this patient?
- A. Monitor for changes in orientation, cognition, and behavior.
- B. Monitor for vital signs and cardiac rhythm response to activity.
- C. Monitor bowel movement frequency, consistency, shape, volume, and color.
- D. Assist in developing well-balanced meal plans consistent with level of energy expenditure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypothyroid patients often experience fatigue due to a slowed metabolic rate, so it's essential to monitor vital signs and cardiac response to physical activity to assess for complications.