Nokea
A nurse using the principle-based approach to patient care seeks to avoid causing harm to patients in all situations. This principle is known as:
- A. nonmaleficence
- B. justice
- C. fidelity
- D. autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the principle of avoiding harm to patients.
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A student nurse is working in the library on her plan of care for a clinical assignment. The patients name is written at the top of her plan. What ethical responsibility is the student violating?
- A. confidentiality
- B. accountability
- C. trust
- D. informed consent
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Writing the patient's name publicly violates confidentiality.
Which component of nursing care is central to the care-based approach to bioethics?
- A. provision of physical care
- B. relationships with healthcare providers
- C. nursepatient relationship
- D. management of care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The care-based approach emphasizes the nurse-patient relationship as central to ethical care.
Mrs. Jones always thanks clerks at the grocery store. Her 6-year-old daughter echoes her thank you. The child is demonstrating what mode of value transmission?
- A. modeling
- B. moralizing
- C. reward and punishment
- D. responsible choice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The child is imitating her mother's behavior, which is an example of modeling, where values are learned by observing others.
A nurse is concerned about the practice of routinely ordering a battery of laboratory tests for patients who are admitted to the hospital from a long-term care facility. An appropriate source in handling this ethical dilemma would be which of the following?
- A. the patients family
- B. the admitting physician
- C. the nurse in charge of the unit
- D. the institutional ethics committee
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The institutional ethics committee is equipped to address systemic ethical concerns like unnecessary testing.
Two children need a kidney transplant. One is the child of a famous sports figure, whereas the other child comes from a low-income family. What ethically relevant consideration is important to the nurse as an advocate for these patients?
- A. balance between benefits and harms in patient care
- B. norms of family life
- C. considerations of power
- D. cost-effectiveness and allocation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Fair allocation of resources, like organs, is a key ethical consideration in advocacy.