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A nursing instructor who is lecturing to students about how to respond to individuals who are in the midst of a disaster. Which statement would be most appropriate to include about initial nursing interventions for such individuals?
- A. You should ask them to give you a brief medical history so their physical needs can be met.
- B. Focus on safety needs and provide simple, clear instructions to help them function effectively.
- C. Help them determine what their long-term goals will be so they can maintain a sense of hope.
- D. Try to redirect their attention away from the problems at hand so you can decrease their anxiety.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a disaster, initial interventions prioritize safety and clear communication to help individuals function despite stress. Medical history (A), long-term goals (C), or redirection (D) are less immediate and may not address acute needs effectively.
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A group of nursing students is reviewing information about the types of crisis. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a developmental crisis?
- A. Going away to college
- B. Obtaining a job promotion
- C. Loss of a pet
- D. Earthquake
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A developmental crisis occurs during life transitions, such as going away to college, which involves significant role changes. Job promotion (B) is positive, loss of a pet (C) is situational, and an earthquake (D) is traumatic, not developmental.
A Red Cross nurse is interviewing a woman whose house was totally destroyed during the night by a tornado; the woman?s pet poodle died as a result of the tornado. Which of following would the nurse most likely expect to hear from the woman?
- A. I don?t know. I can?t feel anything right now. Nothing seems real.
- B. Devastated. . . . I just feel totally devastated. I don?t know how I can go on living.
- C. I just want my insurance man to get here so I can file a claim. Everything I had is gone.
- D. I always thought my dog would die peacefully in my arms. Now I?ll never be able to hold her again.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After a traumatic event like a tornado, shock and dissociation are common, as reflected in the statement 'I can?t feel anything right now. Nothing seems real.' This indicates a crisis response. The other statements reflect grief (B, D) or practical concerns (C), which may occur later but are less immediate.
A family has just lost their home in a fire. An on-call nurse from a community counseling center has been called in to the emergency department to help them with this traumatic event. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the priority for this family?
- A. Arranging for follow-up therapy to deal with the crisis
- B. Completing a family genogram to determine family patterns
- C. Assessing the impact of the loss on their lifestyle
- D. Arranging for emergency shelter and food supplies
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The priority in a crisis is addressing immediate safety needs, such as shelter and food, per Maslow?s hierarchy. These basic needs must be met before addressing therapy (A), family patterns (B), or lifestyle impact (C), which are secondary concerns.
A 25-year-old legal secretary is seeking counseling because she recently lost her job unexpectedly. Which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use in assessing the patient?s response to losing her job?
- A. What happened to cause you to lose your job?
- B. How did you feel immediately after being told you no longer had a job?
- C. How do you expect yourself to be able to handle this situation?
- D. How have you responded to previous stressful situations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Assessing the patient?s emotional response immediately after the job loss provides insight into the impact of the event and her coping mechanisms. Understanding her feelings helps evaluate the crisis?s severity. The other questions focus on causes, expectations, or past behavior, which are less directly tied to her current response.
A nursing instructor is describing uncomplicated grief to a class. Which of the following would the instructor most likely include in the discussion?
- A. Uncomplicated grief differs from normal grief because it lasts longer.
- B. Most bereaved persons experience uncomplicated grief.
- C. Uncomplicated grief is primarily loss associated with death.
- D. This type of grief is less painful and disruptive than normal grief.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uncomplicated grief is the typical, adaptive response to loss experienced by most bereaved individuals, resolving naturally over time. It is not longer (A), not limited to death (C), and not less painful (D) than normal grief, as they are synonymous.