Nokea
A nursing preceptor is reviewing life expectancy in the twentieth century with a new nurse. The nurse should recognize that which of the following was most responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the twentieth century?
- A. Use of antibiotics to fight infections
- B. Sanitation and other public health activities
- C. Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research
- D. Advances in surgical techniques and procedures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sanitation and other public health activities. Improved sanitation, clean water supply, and public health initiatives such as vaccination programs played a crucial role in increasing life expectancy in the 20th century. Sanitation helped reduce the spread of infectious diseases, leading to a significant decrease in mortality rates. Public health activities focused on prevention rather than treatment, which had a long-term positive impact on overall population health. Antibiotics (choice A) were important but came later in the century. Technology increases in medical laboratory research (choice C) and advances in surgical techniques (choice D) contributed to healthcare improvements but were not the primary factors behind the dramatic increase in life expectancy.
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An occupational health nurse in the clinic of an industrial plant is developing a guidebook for clinic workers. Which of the following actions should the nurse include as a secondary prevention strategy?
- A. Organize an influenza immunization campaign
- B. Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome
- C. Teach plant workers about proper lifting techniques
- D. Collaborate with a physical therapist to develop programs for injured employees to return to work
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Help plant workers identify signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common work-related musculoskeletal disorder that can be prevented or mitigated through early identification and intervention. By educating workers about the signs and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome, the nurse can facilitate early detection and prompt treatment, thus serving as a secondary prevention strategy. This proactive approach can help prevent the progression of the condition and reduce the impact on workers' health and productivity.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Organizing an influenza immunization campaign is a primary prevention strategy aimed at preventing the occurrence of influenza rather than identifying and managing existing health issues.
C: Teaching proper lifting techniques is a primary prevention strategy to prevent musculoskeletal injuries rather than identifying and managing existing conditions.
D: Collaborating with a physical therapist to develop return-to-work programs is a tertiary prevention strategy focused on rehabilitation and reintegration rather than early identification of health issues.
A registered nurse (RN) and an experienced licensed practical nurse (LPN) are caring for a group of clients. Which of the following tasks should the RN delegate to the LPN?SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Monitoring vital signs of postoperative clients
- B. Administering routine medications to stable clients
- C. Performing wound care on a client with a Stage III pressure ulcer
- D. Developing a teaching plan for a client newly diagnosed with Type II Diabetes
- E. Providing oral care to an unconscious client
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The correct tasks to delegate to the LPN include monitoring vital signs, administering routine medications, performing wound care, and providing oral care. RNs are responsible for assessing clients, developing care plans, and making critical decisions. LPNs can safely perform tasks that do not require advanced assessment or critical thinking skills. Monitoring vital signs, administering routine medications, performing wound care, and providing oral care are all within the scope of practice for LPNs and do not require the level of expertise or decision-making that an RN would provide. Developing a teaching plan for a newly diagnosed client with Type II Diabetes requires a higher level of education and expertise, making it inappropriate to delegate to an LPN.
The nurse is creating an education plan for a client who has a recent diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan?
- A. Recommend the client engage in high-impact, vigorous exercises to improve muscle strength
- B. Teach the client stress management techniques such as deep breathing and meditation
- C. Advise the client to avoid social interactions to minimize stress
- D. Encourage the client to void every hour
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teach the client stress management techniques such as deep breathing and meditation. This intervention is appropriate for a client with MS as stress can exacerbate symptoms. Deep breathing and meditation are proven techniques to reduce stress levels, promote relaxation, and improve overall well-being. By incorporating stress management techniques into the education plan, the nurse can help the client cope better with the emotional and physical challenges of living with MS.
Choice A is incorrect because high-impact, vigorous exercises can actually worsen symptoms and fatigue in clients with MS. Choice C is incorrect as social interactions can provide emotional support and should not be avoided. Choice D is incorrect as there is no specific indication for encouraging the client to void every hour in the context of MS.
A nurse is conducting triage of clients transported from a mass casualty incident (MCI). A client arrives saturated with an unknown substance and medical transport reports feeling dizzy. The nurse should prioritize which actions? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Assign the client to a private room
- B. Remove client and transport crew from the Emergency department
- C. Contact decontamination team
- D. Call the scene to identify the chemical
- E. Immediately remove the saturated clothing from the client
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale:
1. Option B - Removing the client and transport crew from the Emergency department is crucial to prevent potential contamination of others and ensure safety.
2. Option C - Contacting the decontamination team is essential to properly manage and decontaminate the client and the area.
3. Option E - Removing the saturated clothing from the client immediately helps eliminate further exposure and contamination risks.
Incorrect Answers:
A: Assign the client to a private room - This is not the priority as immediate decontamination and safety measures are needed.
D: Call the scene to identify the chemical - Identifying the substance is important but not the priority when the client's safety is at risk.
The nurse is working on discharge planning for a 25-year-old hospitalized client diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The client has significant bilateral lower extremities muscle weakness. Which of the following facilities should the nurse expect this client to be discharged to?
- A. Home care services
- B. Sub-acute care facility
- C. Rehabilitation facility
- D. Skilled nursing facility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rehabilitation facility. This is the appropriate choice because a rehabilitation facility specializes in providing intensive therapy and support for clients with muscle weakness, such as the client with MS in this case. The client needs structured rehabilitation services to improve muscle strength and function. Home care services (A) may not provide sufficient support and resources for the client's needs. Sub-acute care facility (B) is more suitable for clients who require ongoing medical care or monitoring. Skilled nursing facility (D) is typically for clients who need long-term nursing care rather than intensive rehabilitation.