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A nursing student is asked to set goals that will decrease the fetal death outcomes during delivery. What guidelines will the nursing student use to assist in setting her goals?
- A. WHO Maternal care guidelines
- B. Healthy People 2020
- C. AWHONN white papers
- D. State Practice Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Healthy People 2020. This is because Healthy People 2020 provides specific objectives related to maternal and child health, including reducing fetal death outcomes during delivery. The goals and targets outlined in Healthy People 2020 are evidence-based and nationally recognized, making it a reliable guide for setting healthcare goals.
A: WHO Maternal care guidelines focus more broadly on global maternal health issues and may not provide specific goals related to reducing fetal death outcomes during delivery.
C: AWHONN white papers may offer valuable insights and recommendations, but they are not as comprehensive or widely recognized as the goals outlined in Healthy People 2020.
D: State Practice Acts govern the scope of practice for healthcare providers in a specific state, but they do not typically include specific goals related to reducing fetal death outcomes during delivery.
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What procedure might the nurse perform to determine the presentation of the fetus?
- A. vaginal exam
- B. ultrasound
- C. palpation of contractions
- D. laboring person interview
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: ultrasound. Ultrasound is the most accurate and non-invasive method to determine the presentation of the fetus by visualizing the position of the baby in the womb. It allows the nurse to see if the fetus is in a cephalic (head-down) or breech (feet or buttocks down) position. This information is crucial for assessing the progress of labor and planning appropriate interventions.
A: Vaginal exam is not typically used to determine fetal presentation as it does not provide a clear view of the baby's position.
C: Palpation of contractions helps assess the strength and frequency of contractions but does not directly determine fetal presentation.
D: Laboring person interview may provide valuable information about symptoms and history but does not offer direct insight into fetal presentation.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is 32 weeks gestation and is concerned about the safety of taking prescription medications. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. You should avoid all prescription medications during pregnancy.
- B. Consult with your healthcare provider to ensure the medications are safe for you and your baby.
- C. Take your prescription medications as directed without any concerns during pregnancy.
- D. You can take your prescription medications as long as they are not over-the-counter products.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer, B, is appropriate because it emphasizes the importance of consulting with a healthcare provider to ensure the safety of prescription medications during pregnancy. This step is crucial as healthcare providers can assess the risks versus benefits of medication use in pregnancy and provide personalized recommendations. Choice A is incorrect as some medications may be necessary for the health of the mother and baby. Choice C is incorrect as not all prescription medications are safe during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as the safety of prescription medications in pregnancy is not solely determined by whether they are over-the-counter or not. Consulting with a healthcare provider is the best course of action to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby.
A pregnant patient is 30 weeks gestation and is concerned about gestational hypertension. Which of the following is a key sign of gestational hypertension?
- A. Severe headache and visual changes
- B. Sudden swelling of the hands and feet
- C. Excessive weight loss and fatigue
- D. Frequent urination and dehydration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sudden swelling of the hands and feet. Gestational hypertension is characterized by sudden onset of high blood pressure after 20 weeks of pregnancy, leading to fluid retention and swelling. This is known as preeclampsia, a severe form of gestational hypertension. Swelling in the hands and feet is a key sign due to fluid imbalance. Severe headache and visual changes (choice A) are more indicative of preeclampsia complications. Excessive weight loss and fatigue (choice C) are not typical signs of gestational hypertension. Frequent urination and dehydration (choice D) are not directly related to gestational hypertension.
A pregnant patient has received the results of her triple-screen testing and it is positive. What would the nurse anticipate as the next step in the patient’s plan of care?
- A. No further testing is indicated at this time because results are normal.
- B. Refer to the physician for additional testing.
- C. Validate the results with the lab facility.
- D. Repeat the test in 2 weeks and have the patient return for her regularly scheduled prenatal visit.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A positive triple-screen test suggests an increased risk of genetic abnormalities, requiring additional diagnostic testing.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient at 32 weeks gestation who reports feeling lightheaded and faint when standing. What should the nurse recommend?
- A. Increase fluid intake and avoid standing for long periods.
- B. Take deep breaths and rise quickly from a seated position.
- C. Rest and avoid any physical activity during the day.
- D. Sit upright and avoid bending forward at the waist.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase fluid intake and avoid standing for long periods. This recommendation is appropriate for the patient's symptoms of lightheadedness and fainting, which could be due to dehydration or low blood pressure common in pregnancy. Increasing fluid intake can help maintain adequate blood volume and pressure. Avoiding prolonged standing can prevent pooling of blood in the lower extremities, reducing the risk of dizziness.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Taking deep breaths and rising quickly may worsen symptoms by causing a sudden drop in blood pressure.
C: Complete rest and avoiding physical activity may not address the underlying issue of hydration or blood pressure.
D: Sitting upright and avoiding bending forward may not directly address the need for increased fluid intake and reduced standing time.