A patient asks the nurse, What is a Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) number? What is the nurse's best response?
- A. DEA Numbers are given to physicians and pharmacists when they register with the DEA to prescribe and dispense controlled substances.
- B. Physicians must have a DEA number in order to prescribe any type of medication for patients.
- C. DEA numbers are case numbers given when someone breaks the law involving a controlled substance.
- D. DEA numbers are contact numbers to talk with someone at the DEA when questions arise about controlled substances.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All pharmacists and physicians must register with the DEA. They are given numbers that are required before they can dispense or prescribe controlled substances. DEA numbers are only needed when prescribing controlled substances. A DEA number is neither a case number nor a phone number.
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Which of the following statements about NSAIDs is true?
- A. Most NSAIDs are weak acids
- B. Most NSAIDs are metabolised by the liver into inactive metabolites
- C. Oxicams tend to have the longest half-lives of all NSAIDs
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All are true: NSAIDs are weak acids, metabolized by the liver, and oxicams (e.g., piroxicam) have long half-lives.
Which of the following is a stimulative mechanism of insulin secretion:
- A. Hyperglicemia and decrease of intracellular ATP
- B. Increase of intracellular ATP and opening of ATP-depended K+ channels
- C. Increase of intracellular ATP and closure of ATP-depended K+ channels
- D. Closure of potential depended Ca+2 channels
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin secretion is stimulated by increased ATP closing K+ channels, depolarizing beta cells and opening Ca2+ channels.
Monitoring for a patient being prescribed iron for iron deficiency anemia includes:
- A. Reticulocyte count 1 week after therapy is started
- B. Complete blood count every 2 weeks throughout therapy
- C. Hemoglobin level at 1 week of therapy
- D. INR weekly throughout therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reticulocyte count at 1 week assesses iron therapy response; CBC or hemoglobin checks are later, and INR is irrelevant.
Mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases would most likely be associated with :
- A. Neurologic diseases
- B. Endocrine diseases
- C. Cancers
- D. Metabolic abnormalities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Receptor tyrosine kinases are often linked to uncontrolled cell growth when mutated, commonly associated with cancers.
While caring for a patient scheduled for knee replacement surgery, the nurse provides cefazolin (Ancef) as ordered 30 minutes pre-operatively. The nurse knows that teaching has been effective by which of the following client statements?
- A. The antibiotic is given as a prophylactic to help reduce the risk of infection after surgery.'
- B. This is a palliative medication to help ease the pain from surgery.'
- C. This medication will replace vitamins and minerals that may be lost due to bleeding during surgery.'
- D. This medication will help the surgeon identify areas of bone destruction due to arthritis.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cefazolin is administered pre-operatively as prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infections, aligning with standard practice and effective patient understanding.