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A patient diagnosed with cervical cancer will soon begin round of radiation therapy. When planning the patient's subsequent care plan, the nurse should prioritize actions with what goal?
- A. Preventing hemorrhage from bleeding
- B. Ensuring the patient knows the treatment is palliative, not curative
- C. Protecting the safety of patient, family, and staff
- D. Ensuring that patient adheres to dietary restrictions during treatment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Safety during radiation therapy is critical to protect patients, family, and staff from exposure. Hemorrhage is not a common risk, and the treatment may be curative. Dietary restrictions are not typically required.
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A female patient tells the nurse that she thinks she has a vaginal infection because she has noted inflammation of her vulva and the presence of a frothy, yellow-green discharge. The nurse recognizes that the clinical manifestations described are typical of what vaginal infection?
- A. Trichomonas vaginalis
- B. Candidiasis
- C. Gardnerella
- D. Gonorrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The clinical manifestations indicate Trichomonas vaginalis, characterized by frothy, yellow-green discharge and vulvar inflammation, treated with metronidazole. Candidiasis produces a white, cheese-like discharge. Gardnerella is characterized by gray-white discharge. Gonorrhea often produces no symptoms.
The nurse is caring for a 63-year-old patient with ovarian cancer. The patient is to receive chemotherapy consisting of Taxol and Paraplatin. For what adverse effect of this treatment should the nurse monitor the patient?
- A. Leukopenia
- B. Metabolic acidosis
- C. Hyperphosphatemia
- D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taxol and Paraplatin commonly cause leukopenia, a manageable toxicity. Acid-base imbalances and hyperphosphatemia are not typical adverse effects of these drugs.
A patient has been diagnosed with endometriosis. When planning this patients care, the nurse should prioritize what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Anxiety related to risk of transmission
- B. Acute pain related to misplaced endometrial tissue
- C. Ineffective tissue perfusion related to hemorrhage
- D. Excess fluid volume related to abdominal distention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Endometriosis causes pain due to misplaced endometrial tissue, making acute pain a priority nursing diagnosis. It is not transmissible, so anxiety about transmission is irrelevant. Hemorrhage and fluid volume excess are not typical.
When reviewing the electronic health record of a female patient, the nurse reads that the patient has a history of adenomyosis. The nurse should be aware that this patient experiences symptoms resulting from what pathophysiologic process?
- A. Loss of muscle tone in the vaginal wall
- B. Excessive synthesis and release of unopposed estrogen
- C. Invasion of the uterine wall by endometrial tissue
- D. Proliferation of tumors in the uterine wall
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenomyosis involves the invasion of endometrial tissue into the uterine wall, causing symptoms. It is not related to vaginal muscle tone, unopposed estrogen, or tumor proliferation.
A patient with trichomoniasis comes to the walk-in clinic. In developing a care plan for this patient the nurse would know to include what as an important aspect of treating this patient?
- A. Both partners will be treated with metronidazole (Flagyl).
- B. Constipation and menstrual difficulties may occur.
- C. The patient should perform Kegel exercises 30 to 80 times daily.
- D. Care will involve hormone therapy to control the pain.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The most effective treatment for trichomoniasis is metronidazole (Flagyl). Both partners receive a one-time loading dose or a smaller dose three times a day for 1 week. In pelvic inflammatory disease, menstrual difficulties and constipation may occur. Kegel exercises are prescribed to help strengthen weakened muscles associated with cystocele and other structural deficits. Hormone therapy does not address the etiology of trichomoniasis.