Nokea
A patient has come to the clinic because of enlarged hands and feet, amenorrhea, and increased hair growth. These symptoms most likely indicate problems with which endocrine gland?
- A. pituitary gland.
- B. adrenal glands.
- C. thyroid gland.
- D. pancreas.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary gland may produce an overabundance of growth hormone. This overproduction of hormones may cause changes throughout the patient's body, including enlargement of the pituitary gland and hands and feet. Female patients may develop a deepened voice, increased facial hair growth, and amenorrhea. In a fully grown adult, this condition is acromegaly.
You may also like to solve these questions
A patient has undergone tests that indicate a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone secretion. The nurse will inform the patient of which potential complication?
- A. Osteoporosis
- B. Lethargy
- C. Laryngeal spasms
- D. Kidney stones
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased parathyroid hormone levels in the bloodstream cause a decreased calcium level. Severe hypocalcemia may result in laryngeal spasm, stridor, cyanosis, and increased possibility of asphyxia.
A patient with a history of Graves' disease is admitted to the unit with shortness of breath. The nurse notes the patient's vital signs: T 103°F, P 160, R 24, BP 160/80. The nurse also notes distended neck veins. Which disorder does the patient most likely have?
- A. Pulmonary embolism
- B. Hypertensive crisis
- C. Thyroid storm
- D. Cushing crisis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a thyroid crisis, all the signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism are exaggerated. Additionally, the patient may develop nausea, vomiting, severe tachycardia, severe hypertension, and occasionally hyperthermia up to 41°C (106°F). Extreme restlessness, cardiac arrhythmia, and delirium may also occur. The patient may develop heart failure and may die.
The health care provider orders an 1800-calorie diabetic diet and 40 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously daily for a patient with diabetes mellitus. For which reason will a mid-afternoon snack of milk and crackers be given?
- A. To improve nutrition.
- B. To improve carbohydrate metabolism.
- C. To prevent hypoglycemia
- D. To prevent diabetic coma.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NPH insulin peaks in 6-10 hours. The nurse should be alert for signs of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose) at the peak of action of whatever type of insulin the patient is receiving.
When the nurse inflates the sphygmomanometer cuff exceeding the systolic blood pressure and observes a carpal spasm, this is a(n) ___ sign.
Correct Answer: Trousseau
Rationale: Trousseau's sign is a carpal spasm brought on by pressure of a cuff. This is an indicator for hypocalcemia and hypomagnesemia.
A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called ___ dwarfism.
Correct Answer: hypopituitary
Rationale: A condition with a deficiency in growth hormone is called hypopituitary dwarfism. Most cases are idiopathic, but a small number can be attributed to an autosomal-recessive trait. In some cases, there is also a lack of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), TSH, and the gonadotropins.