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Lispro has an onset of action within how many minutes?
- A. 90
- B. 60
- C. 15
- D. 45
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lispro begins to take effect in less than half the time of regular, fast-acting insulin. The new formula can be injected 15 minutes before a meal.
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For which reason would a patient with hyperthyroidism be prescribed the drug methimazole?
- A. To limit the effect of the pituitary on the thyroid.
- B. To destroy part of the hyperactive thyroid tissue.
- C. To stimulate the pineal gland.
- D. To block the production of thyroid hormones.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medical management for hyperthyroidism may include administration of drugs that block the production of thyroid hormones, such as propylthiouracil or methimazole.
Another term for hyperglycemic reaction is diabetic ___
Correct Answer: ketoacidosis
Rationale: Hyperglycemic reaction-the body eliminates the excess glucose by the kidneys releasing it in the urine. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (acidosis accompanied by an accumulation of ketones in the blood), formerly called diabetic coma, may develop and the patient could die. DKA is a severe metabolic disturbance caused by an acute insulin deficiency, decreased peripheral glucose use, and increased fat mobilization and ketogenesis.
Which nutritious food should the nurse reinforce instruction for a patient with hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) to select because of the increased metabolism related to the disease?
- A. Coffee with cream
- B. Lean meat
- C. White bread
- D. Leafy green vegetables
- E. Supplemental vitamin D
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Nutritious food sources, such as food high in protein (e.g., lean meat), sources of vitamin B (e.g., leafy green vegetables), and vitamin D supplements are helpful to meet the metabolic needs of the patient with hyperthyroidism.
Which test will furnish immediate feedback for a newly diagnosed diabetic who is not yet under control?
- A. Fasting blood sugar (FBS)
- B. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
- C. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)
- D. Clinitest
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diabetics should do a finger-stick blood glucose level test before each meal and at bedtime each day until their disease is under control. The HbA1c serum test reveals the effectiveness of diabetes therapy for the preceding 8 to 12 weeks.
Which precaution(s) will the nurse take when caring for a patient who is being treated with radioactive iodine 131 (RAIU)?
- A. Initiate radioactive safety precautions.
- B. Avoid assigning any young woman to the patient.
- C. Wait 3 days after dose before assigning a pregnant nurse to care for this patient.
- D. Advise visitors to sit at least 10 ft away from the patient.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The dose is patient specific and at a very low level. No radioactive safety precautions are necessary and pregnant nurses can be assigned 3 days after the dose. RAIU is not harmful to nonpregnant women.