Nokea
A patient informs the nurse, "I can't sit in the yard for even 10 minutes without my skin turning red and tender." The nurse would assess for the use of which complementary alternative medicine (CAM)?
- A. St. John's wort
- B. Ginkgo biloba
- C. Feverfew
- D. Echinacea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Feverfew. Feverfew is commonly used for its anti-inflammatory properties and may help reduce skin sensitivity to sunlight, which could be the cause of the patient's skin turning red and tender. St. John's wort is used for depression, Ginkgo biloba for memory, and Echinacea for immune support, none of which are directly related to the patient's symptom.
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A nurse is brought in who testifies that a professional with the knowledge and skill of an RN should understand that, before administering this drug, potassium level and pulse level is always checked to prevent such an occurrence. The nurse's testimony as to what constitutes reasonable care is based on:
- A. the legal definition of standard of care.
- B. the legal definition of the informed consent process.
- C. the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur.
- D. governmental immunity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the legal definition of standard of care. In healthcare, the standard of care refers to the level of care that a reasonably prudent healthcare professional would provide in similar circumstances. Checking potassium level and pulse before administering a drug is considered standard practice to prevent adverse reactions. The nurse's testimony is based on this standard of care requirement to ensure patient safety and avoid potential harm. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the concept of standard of care in healthcare practice. B pertains to patient consent, C to the doctrine of "the thing speaks for itself," and D to immunity from liability for certain actions.
While performing a job search, a nurse reviews the list of Magnet hospitals of the American Nurses Credentialing Center because:
- A. these hospitals are able to hold on to revenue gained from patient care.
- B. nursing longevity, autonomy, and self-governance are important features of these institutions.
- C. all RNs have a minimum of a master's degree and are credentialed in the area in which they provide care.
- D. these hospitals have the most up-to-date diagnostic equipment such as magnetic resonance imagery.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Magnet hospitals are recognized for their nursing excellence, empowering nurses with autonomy and self-governance. This fosters a positive work environment and improves patient outcomes.
Choice A is incorrect because being a Magnet hospital does not guarantee revenue retention, but rather focuses on nursing excellence.
Choice C is incorrect as Magnet hospitals do not require all RNs to have a master's degree. They do emphasize ongoing education and professional development, but not at a specific degree level.
Choice D is incorrect because Magnet status is not related to the availability of diagnostic equipment but rather on nursing quality and excellence.
to that provided during the Crimean War?
- A. Epidemics such as smallpox and typhoid were the primary emphasis of nursing care in both wars.
- B. Soldiers were housed in substandard conditions, but due to Nightingale's push for sanitary conditions, in the Civil War soldiers were housed in aseptic conditions.
- C. Black nurses were widely accepted by society and the profession, receiving equal compensation during the Civil War due in large part to the efforts of Mary Seacole during the Crimean War.
- D. Both Nightingale (Crimean War) and Dix (Civil War) completed nursing training before accepting positions as nurses in the wars.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it accurately reflects the impact of Florence Nightingale's efforts during the Crimean War on nursing care during the Civil War. Nightingale advocated for sanitary conditions which led to improved housing for soldiers in the Civil War. This is supported by historical evidence.
A is incorrect because the emphasis on nursing care differed between the wars, with the Crimean War focusing more on basic care and the Civil War emphasizing sanitary conditions.
C is incorrect because black nurses faced discrimination and unequal compensation during both wars, and Mary Seacole's contributions were not widely recognized during the Civil War.
D is incorrect because Nightingale did not complete formal nursing training before her work in the Crimean War, and Dix was already an experienced nurse before the Civil War.
As a patient's condition moves toward their impending death, which nursing intervention demonstrates how the focus of palliative care change?
- A. The patient is encouraged to discuss their spiritual needs.
- B. The patient is educated concerning the physical changes associated with the dying process.
- C. The patient's advance care plan is formulated and implemented.
- D. The patient's comfort needs are identified.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because as a patient approaches death, the focus of palliative care shifts towards providing comfort and symptom management to improve their quality of life. Identifying and addressing the patient's comfort needs becomes crucial in ensuring a peaceful and dignified end-of-life experience.
A: While discussing spiritual needs can be important, the primary focus shifts towards physical comfort in the final stages of life.
B: Educating the patient about physical changes is important, but it may not be the priority as the focus shifts towards comfort care.
C: Advance care planning is essential but may have already been addressed before the patient reaches the impending death stage.
When deciding which staffing option to use on a nursing unit that will open soon, the manager realizes that:
- A. continuity of care is enhanced and errors are reduced when nurses provide care over longer shifts and consecutive workdays, such as 12-hour shifts on 3 consecutive days per week.
- B. the use of part-time nurses provides the variability needed to meet diverse patient needs.
- C. satisfaction of the staff equates to satisfaction of patients.
- D. nurses provide the same level of care, regardless of the work environment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Continuity of care is enhanced with longer shifts because nurses have more time to build relationships with patients and understand their needs.
Step 2: Working consecutive days per week reduces handoffs, which can lead to errors and miscommunications.
Step 3: 12-hour shifts allow nurses to have more days off, reducing burnout and fatigue.
Summary:
Choice B is incorrect as part-time nurses may not provide consistent care. Choice C is incorrect as staff satisfaction doesn't always translate to patient satisfaction. Choice D is incorrect as the work environment can impact the quality of care provided by nurses.