Nokea
A patient presents with a yellowish-white spot on the cornea, surrounded by a ring of inflammation. Slit-lamp examination reveals branching, filamentous opacities extending from the corneal lesion. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Herpes simplex keratitis
- B. Bacterial keratitis
- C. Fungal keratitis
- D. Acanthamoeba keratitis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The described presentation of a yellowish-white spot on the cornea with a ring of inflammation, along with branching, filamentous opacities extending from the corneal lesion, is characteristic of fungal keratitis. Fungal keratitis typically presents with these specific features on clinical examination.
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Which of the following statements accurately describes the process of opsonization during the immune response?
- A. Opsonins facilitate the lysis of target cells by forming membrane attack complexes.
- B. Opsonins promote the phagocytosis of pathogens by coating them with proteins.
- C. Opsonins neutralize toxins produced by pathogens.
- D. Opsonins stimulate the release of histamine from mast cells.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opsonization is a process in the immune response where opsonins, which are proteins such as antibodies and complement proteins, bind to pathogens such as bacteria, making them more easily recognized and engulfed by phagocytic cells like macrophages and neutrophils. This coating of pathogens by opsonins enhances the efficiency of phagocytosis, helping in the elimination of pathogens from the body. Opsonins do not facilitate cell lysis, neutralize toxins, or stimulate histamine release; their main function is to tag pathogens for phagocytosis.
Vangie, 73 years old, comorbid with hypertension and asthma died of COVID Ariel grieved and mourned to the loss of his mother's untimely death. He is now aware that his mother is one of those 13, 425 deaths. The nurse will consider stage of grieving process is Ariel at what experiencing?
- A. Depression
- B. Denial and Anger
- C. Bargaining
- D. Acceptance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ariel is likely experiencing the stage of depression in the grieving process. The stages of grief, according to the Kubler-Ross model, are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. In this scenario, Ariel has come to terms with his mother's death and is mourning her loss, which aligns with the stage of depression characterized by feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and intense sorrow. It is a normal part of the grieving process for individuals to experience these emotions as they process their loss.
When nurses are projected in a television advertisement as sex symbols, what APPROPRIATE action is expected from a concerned nurse?
- A. Keep your silence, it is the television station 's prerogative.
- B. Go to the street to manifest displeasure of the nurse's portrayal.
- C. Make a position paper to denounce the advertisement
- D. Condemn the issue in the radio program.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate action for a concerned nurse when nurses are projected as sex symbols in a television advertisement is to make a position paper to denounce the advertisement. This approach allows the nurse to voice their concerns in a formal and professional manner. By creating a position paper, the nurse can clearly outline why the portrayal is inappropriate and advocate for more respectful representations of nursing in the media. This action is constructive, proactive, and focuses on initiating change through advocacy and education. It is a thoughtful and strategic way to address the issue and raise awareness about the importance of respecting the nursing profession.
During the implementation process, the nurse should ensure a better assimilation of the teachings.
- A. serious lecturer
- B. conducive time and place
- C. Lecture to start at 11:00AM
- D. neophyte as sharer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Creating a conducive time and place for the teachings is crucial during the implementation process to ensure better assimilation by the staff. By choosing a suitable time that does not clash with other responsibilities and providing a comfortable environment for learning, the nurse can enhance the staff's understanding and retention of the teachings. This approach helps in engaging the staff effectively and facilitating a productive learning experience.
Nurses agree to be advocates for their patients. Practice of advocacy calls for the nurse to:
- A. Seek out the nursing supervisor in conflicting situations
- B. Work to understand the law as it applies to the client's clinical condition.
- C. Assess the client's point of view and prepare to articulate this point of view.
- D. Document all clinical changes in the medical record in a timely manner.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The practice of advocacy in nursing involves assessing the client's point of view and preparing to articulate this viewpoint. Advocacy requires that nurses actively listen to their patients, understand their perspectives, and ensure that their needs and wishes are communicated effectively within the healthcare team. By advocating for the client's point of view, nurses can help empower their patients to make informed decisions about their care and ensure that their best interests are always prioritized.