Adult Health Nursing Test Banks

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A patient presents with sudden-onset, painless vision loss in the right eye. Fundoscopic examination reveals a cherry-red spot at the macula and attenuated retinal vessels. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?

  • A. Central retinal artery occlusion
  • B. Central retinal vein occlusion
  • C. Retinal detachment
  • D. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation described with sudden-onset, painless vision loss, a cherry-red spot at the macula, and attenuated retinal vessels is classic for central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). CRAO occurs when the central retinal artery, which supplies blood to the inner retinal layers, becomes occluded. The cherry-red spot is due to the exposure of the underlying choroid, which still appears red as it is not affected by the blockage. Attenuated retinal vessels and a pale retina may also be seen due to ischemia. In contrast, central retinal vein occlusion (choice B) presents with sudden painless vision loss, retinal hemorrhages, dilated retinal veins, and cotton-wool spots. Retinal detachment (choice C) typically presents with flashes, floaters, and a curtain-like shadow across the vision. Acute angle-closure glaucoma (

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A nurse administer as extra dose of vaccine to a child and the patient developed adverse reaction and died. She can be sued for _____.

  • A. Negligence
  • B. Tort
  • C. Malpractice
  • D. Battery
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse can be sued for malpractice. Malpractice refers to the failure of a professional, in this case, a nurse, to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent nurse would have provided in similar circumstances, resulting in harm to the patient. Administering an extra dose of vaccine leading to an adverse reaction and death of the patient is considered a form of medical malpractice as it involves a breach in the standard of care. Generally, malpractice cases involve errors or negligence in the performance of professional duties, which result in harm to the patient.

Ramon died at 10:00 PM. His father cried much and refused to move Ramon 's body. What is the APPROPRIATE approach of the nurse?

  • A. Talk about the reality of death.
  • B. Leave the mother and the child for the last time.
  • C. Silence to allow the mother to grieve.
  • D. Cry with the mother as you remember your own experience of death in family.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The appropriate approach of the nurse in this situation would be to talk about the reality of death with the father. It is important to provide appropriate and compassionate communication, acknowledging the father's grief while also gently guiding him towards accepting the reality of the situation. By discussing the reality of death and offering support, the nurse can help the father start the grieving process and eventually come to terms with the loss of his son. It is important to provide emotional support and guidance in a sensitive and respectful manner during such a difficult time.

Gloria decides to include only nurses who have a minimum three years experience as psychiatric nurses. Which of the following terms refer to this?

  • A. Concept
  • B. Limitation
  • C. Variable
  • D. Delimitation
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A delimitation in a research study refers to setting specific boundaries or restrictions on the scope of the study. In this scenario, Gloria's decision to include only nurses with a minimum of three years experience as psychiatric nurses is a delimitation because it sets a specific criterion or boundary for the selection of participants. This helps to focus the study on a particular group of individuals who possess the required experience, ensuring the research is targeted and relevant to the topic being investigated.

Which of the following actions is INAPPROPRIATE for a nurse leader to apply in a work setting?

  • A. Ask staff members of their opinion on the natter.
  • B. Modifies his own behavior favoring the needs of individual staff .
  • C. Gives equal consideration to each staff members
  • D. Plans and organizes group activities of staff members.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: While it is important for nurse leaders to seek input and feedback from staff members, the inappropriate aspect of this action lies in the lack of clarity. The option contains a typographical error "natter" instead of "matter," which may lead to confusion and hinder effective communication. Additionally, the word choice of "opinion" instead of a more structured and strategic approach like "feedback" or "input" could be improved for professional communication in the workplace. Therefore, this action may not be considered appropriate in a work setting due to potential misunderstandings that can arise from the lack of clarity in communication.

The nurse prepares a care plan for the patient. Based on Ramona Mercer's becoming a mother (BAM) theory, which of the following statements fosters the process of becoming a mother?

  • A. The woman becomes comfortable with her identity as a married individual.
  • B. It encompasses the dynamic transformation and evolution of a woman's persona.
  • C. A woman learns mothering behavior prior as early as a teenager.
  • D. It accurately reflects the transitional process from being single to a married relationship.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ramona Mercer's becoming a mother (BAM) theory emphasizes the dynamic transformation and evolution of a woman's persona as she transitions into motherhood. This theory acknowledges that becoming a mother is a process involving significant changes in a woman's identity, roles, and relationships. It goes beyond just the physical aspects of giving birth and delves into the psychological, emotional, and social aspects of motherhood. Therefore, statement B aligns with the core principles of Mercer's BAM theory and fosters the understanding of the process of becoming a mother.

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