Nokea
A patient reports leg pain that awakens the patient at night. The patient reports that the same pain develops in the legs when they are elevated and disappears when the legs are dangled. Which condition would the nurse suspect?
- A. Peripheral arterial disease.
- B. Lymphatic obstruction.
- C. Chronic venous insufficiency.
- D. Musculoskeletal abnormalities.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Peripheral arterial disease causes leg pain worsened by elevation and relieved by dangling, due to reduced blood flow from arterial narrowing.
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Which erythrocyte characteristic would the nurse expect to see in the laboratory findings for a patient who has experienced acute blood loss?
- A. Microcytic.
- B. Normocytic.
- C. Hypochromic.
- D. Megaloblastic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Normocytic erythrocytes, or normal-sized red blood cells, are usually seen in acute blood loss as the body's initial response doesn't alter the size of red blood cells.
The nurse notes that a patient has a smooth and shiny tongue surface. The nurse would attribute these findings to which condition?
- A. The patient has neutropenia.
- B. The patient has polycythemia.
- C. The patient has pernicious anemia.
- D. The patient has elevated estrogen levels.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pernicious anemia causes glossitis, leading to a smooth and shiny tongue surface due to vitamin B12 deficiency.
A patient with thalassemia major who is receiving a blood transfusion shows signs of hemochromatosis. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which medication?
- A. Methotrexate.
- B. Deferoxamine.
- C. Ferrous gluconate.
- D. Iron dextran complex.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Deferoxamine is an iron chelating agent used to treat iron overload conditions like hemochromatosis. It binds to excess iron and promotes its excretion from the body, preventing complications such as organ damage.
Which finding would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL? Select all that apply.
- A. Palpitations.
- B. Conjunctival pallor.
- C. Sternal tenderness.
- D. Heart rate of 104 beats/min.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Conjunctival pallor and tachycardia (heart rate of 104 beats/min) are common in anemia, reflecting reduced hemoglobin and compensatory mechanisms.
The nurse receives a health care provider's prescription to change a patient's IV from D5. half-normal saline with 40 mEq KCl/L to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L. Which set of serum laboratory values supports the rationale for this IV prescription change?
- A. Sodium level of 136 mEq/L, potassium level of 4.5 mEq/L.
- B. Sodium level of 145 mEq/L, potassium level of 4.8 mEq/L.
- C. Sodium level of 135 mEq/L, potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L.
- D. Sodium level of 144 mEq/L, potassium level of 3.7 PROTOCOL mEq/L.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Normal sodium (135 mEq/L) and potassium (3.6 mEq/L) levels support changing to a lower potassium IV (20 mEq KCl/L) to prevent hyperkalemia while maintaining hydration.